摘要
【目的】为更好地评价研究油茶种质资源,进一步完善油茶育种指标体系,更科学地开展优良种质筛选工作。【方法】对1361份不同种质油茶果实的11个主要数量性状进行变异分析、概率分级及相关分析。【结果】油茶果实数量性状存在丰富的变异,变化范围在14.10%~40.97%,其中,每500 g鲜籽数、单个鲜果质量、每果籽数、鲜果含油率变异程度较大,分别为40.97%、40.04%、37.61%和36.67%;果径和果高变异系数相对较低,分别为14.88%和14.10%;经K-S检验,果径、果高、果皮厚度、干籽含油率、鲜出籽率、鲜籽含水率等6个性状指标均符合正态分布,鲜果出干籽率符合χ2分布,每果籽数、单个鲜果质量、每500 g鲜籽数、鲜果含油率不符合正态分布,按照概率分级分为5个等级;相关分析表明,鲜果含油率与鲜出籽率、鲜果出干籽率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与每500 g鲜籽数、果皮厚度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。【结论】油茶种质资源评价和良种选育过程中,针对油茶果实性状的育种目标可划分为高含油类、高出籽类、大籽类、皮薄类和大果类等五大类选育方向,育种指标可分为优级和特优级,特优级育种目标数值分别为干籽含油率大于38.04%,或鲜果含油率大于10.43%;鲜出籽率大于52.74%,或鲜果出干籽率大于29.72%;每500 g鲜籽个数小于172个;果皮厚度小于3.44 mm;单个鲜果重大于33.35 g。
【Objective】To better evaluate the germplasm resources,and further improve the breeding index systemand provide reference for the selection of excellent germplasm of Camellia oleifera.【Method】11 main quantitative traits of 1361 fruit in Camellia oleifera germaplasm were studied through variation analysis and probability grading and correlation analysis.【Result】A large variation was observed in the quantitative traits of the fruit,coefficients of variation of the 11 quantitative traits were all between 14.10%and 40.97%.Among them,the coefficients of variation were high in the number of 500 g fresh seed(40.97%),and single fresh fruit weight(40.04%),and seed number in a fruit(37.61%),and oil content of fresh fruit(36.67%).The coefficients of variation were low in the fruit diameter(14.88%),fruit height(14.10%).According to the K-S test,fruit diameter,fruit height,pericarp thickness,oil content of dry seed,seed rate in fresh fruit,water content of dry seed and oil rate of dry kernel all conformed to the normal distribution.Dry seed rate in fresh fruit conformed to the chi-square distribution.Seed number in a fruit,single fresh fruit weight,the number of 500 g fresh seed and oil content of fresh fruit did not conform to the normal distribution.According to probability analysis,11 quantitative characters are divided into 5 grades.There was highly significant positive correlation between oil content of fresh fruit with seed rate in fresh fruit and dry seed rate in fresh fruit(P<0.01),and negative correlation between the number of 500 g fresh seed and pericarp thickness.【Conclusion】Indicating that in the process of Camellia oleifera breeding need to select the fruit has a higher seed number,the seed are larger and fuller,pericarp are thinner as breeding material.It is suggested that the breeding target for the traits of Camellia oleifera fruit can be selected by probability classification and correlation analysis,which can be divided into higher oil content,the fruit has a higher seed number,larger seed ty
作者
陈永忠
许彦明
张震
马力
王湘南
陈隆升
彭邵锋
王瑞
彭映赫
李志钢
唐炜
李美群
CHEN Yongzhong;XU Yanming;ZHANG Zhen;MA Li;WANG Xiangnan;CHEN Longsheng;PENG Shaofeng;WANG Rui;PENG Yinghe;LI Zhigang;TANG Wei;LI Meiqun(National Engineering Research Center for Oil-tea Camellia,Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期1-9,共9页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
湖南省科技重大专项(2018NK1030)
国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404702)。
关键词
油茶
果实性状
育种指标
概率分级
相关分析
Camellia oleifera
fruit character
breeding index
probability grading
correlation analysis
