摘要
从时间维度看,目前国际上的老年语言学兼具共时层面与历时层面的研究,但国内研究主要关注共时层面,亟待重视历时层面。老年人的语言使用特征和语言衰老变化与其毕生发展和生命历程都密切相关,因而对老年人语言现象描述或对语言衰老问题进行机制性阐释时,都应当重视“时间”这一贯穿个体一生的重要维度;同时应注意时间的指向性,兼顾回溯性和前瞻性研究。这有助于更加全面地揭示老年人语言使用特点及语言能力变化过程。文章基于现有国内外相关研究成果,介绍了时间维度里老年语言学的两个基础研究视角——毕生发展和生命历程,分析了二者的区别与联系及其与老年语言现象的关系,阐释了时间维度里老年语言学研究的对象、内涵、分析视角以及适用于时间维度研究的两个常见方法。
At present,the international studies of gerontolinguistics are both synchronic and diachronic,while the research in China mainly focuses on the synchronic perspective.The phenomenon of language ageing and linguistic ability change is closely related to the elders’life development.Thus,while explaining the mechanism of language ageing,concentrations shall be paid to the temporal perspective as time travels throughout an individual’s life journey.Additionally,the time’s directionality,referring to retrospective studies and prospective studies,shall be differentiated.With the two categories of studies,language use and language ability change in late adulthood can be depicted in a multi-directional,multi-dimensional,and multi-perspective way.Based on the current international research outcomes,this paper explores the language phenomenon of the elderly from perspectives of life span and life course.Differences and connections between the two perspectives are discussed,as well as their relationship with gerontolinguistics.Meanwhile,the object,contents,sub-perspectives,and applicable research methods for detailed analysis of gerontolinguistics are also explored.
作者
周德宇
黄立鹤
杨晶晶
ZHOU Deyu;HUANG Lihe;YANG Jingjing(Research Center for Ageing,Language and Care,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Foreign Languages,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《浙江外国语学院学报》
2020年第5期1-15,共15页
Journal of Zhejiang International Studies University
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“基于多模态语料库的阿尔茨海默症老年人语用能力蚀失研究”(19CYY018)。
关键词
老年语言学
时间维度
毕生发展
生命历程
研究方法
gerontolinguistics
temporal perspective
life span
life course
research methods
