摘要
呼吸性粉尘是造成矿工尘肺病的元凶。为了掌握采煤机滚筒截煤产生的呼吸性粉尘分布规律,利用Side Pak AM520i型个体暴露粉尘仪,测定了采煤机顺风、逆风正常运行状态下截煤滚筒产尘范围内PM_(2.5)、PM_(5)粉尘的质量浓度。结果表明:1)采煤机滚筒顺风截煤时,前滚筒测点的呼吸性粉尘PM5约为700 mg/m^(3),其中PM_(2.5)占47%,后滚筒测点的呼吸性粉尘PM_(5)约为350 mg/m^(3),其中PM_(2.5)占75%;2)采煤机滚筒逆风截煤时,前滚筒测点的呼吸性粉尘PM5约为400mg/m^(3),其中粒径2.5~5μm粉尘颗粒为主要成分,后滚筒测点的呼吸性粉尘PM_(5)约为500 mg/m^(3),其中粒径0~2.5μm的粉尘颗粒为主要成分。
The paper intends to trace and measure the respiratory dust as the major contributor to the coal miners’pneumoconiosis,so as to disclose the respiratory distribution regularity of the coal cut by the coal shearer.And,for the above mentioned purpose,we have first of all managed to measure the mass concentration rates of PM_(2.5)and PM_(5)dust by using the Side Pak AM520i individual exposure dust instrument so as to clarify the dust producing scope of the shearer drum in the normal operating condition of the coal shearer in the downward and against-wind directions.The testing and measuring results suggest that:(1)When the shearer drum is working in downward-wind direction with the measuring point in the front drum,the concentration rate of the PM_(5)respiratory dust can be cut down by 700 mg/m^(3),in which PM_(2.5)dust takes up about 47%;at the measuring point in the latter drum,whereas the respiratory concentration rate of PM_(5)can be reduced to 350 mg/m^(3),in which PM_(2.5)may be equal to75%;However,(2),when the shearer drum is working against the wind,with the measuring point in the front drum,it would be possible for the PM_(5)respiratory dust concentration is about 400mg/m^(3),in which,the 2.5-5μm dust particles would become the majority constituent part;at the measuring point in the latter drum,the concentration of the PM_(5)respiratory dust is about 500mg/m^(3),in which 0-2.5μm dust particles account for the majority proportion.The mass concentration of respiratable PM_(5)dust produced by the shearer cutting drum can be made comparatively greater,so as to change the particle size distribution of respirable PM_(5)dust mass concentration left over by the coal cutter.Thus,it can be seen that the currently existing spray dust removal system turns out poor in dust collection,suppression and controlling,for its capability to suppress the respiratable dust PM_(5)poor,that is,far from being expected or desirable.And,therefore,it is of imperative necessity to make efforts to change and optimize the external spr
作者
苏士龙
郝永江
SU Shi-long;HAO Yong-jiang(Shanxi Huajinjining Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xiangning 042100,Shanxi,China;Huajin Coking Coal Co.,Ltd.,Lailiang 033000,Shanxi,China;Gollcgc of Environmcnt and Safety,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Chinu)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期2160-2165,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
山西省青年科技研究基金项目(201801D221357)。
关键词
职业卫生工程
尘源区
呼吸性粉尘
PM5
PM2.5
粉尘分布
occupational hygiene engineering
dust source area
respiratory dust
PM_(5)
PM_(2.5)
dust distribution
