摘要
[目的]明确杏鲍菇栽培工厂空气微生物群落中真菌和细菌的浓度和组成。[方法]采用自然沉降法测定了杏鲍菇栽培工厂(接种室、养菌室和出菇室)空气微生物群落中的细菌和真菌的浓度,利用传统微生物分离培养法获得纯培养菌株,通过形态学特征观察结合16S rRNA和ITS测序技术对分离菌株进行了鉴定,以综合分析空气微生物的组成概况。[结果]杏鲍菇栽培工厂不同区域内空气微生物浓度不同,整体上,真菌浓度较细菌浓度低;Bacillus和Pseudomonas是细菌群落的优势类群(70株,分离比率分别24.6%和11.6%);Aspergillus和Cladosporium是真菌群落的优势类群(28株,分离比例分别为25%和14.29%),此外,分离获得的Pantoea、Pseudomonas和Trichoderma、Penicillium均是杏鲍菇工厂化生产过程中常见的致病菌或污染菌,应在生产过程中重点监测。[结论]杏鲍菇栽培工厂空气微生物中细菌浓度高于真菌浓度,细菌群落主要由Bacillus和Pseudomonas组成,真菌群落主要由Aspergillus和Cladosporium组成。
[Objective]Understand the concentration and composition of fungi and bacteria in airborne microbial community in a Pleurotus eryngii commercial cultivation facility.[Method]Concentration of bacteria and fungi in the airborne microbial community of P.eryngii commercial cultivation facilities(inoculation room,culture room and mushroom production room)was determined by natural sedimentation method.Pure-culture strains was obtained by traditional microbial isolation and culture method,and identified by combining morphological characteristics with 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing techniques,then composition of airborne microorganisms was comprehensively analyzed.[Result]Concentration of airborne bacteria and fungi was different in different areas of P.eryngii commercial cultivation facility,and the concentration of fungi was lower than that of bacteria.Airborne bacterial community was dominant in Bacillus and Pseudomonas(70 strains,the isolation rate was 24.6%and 11.6%,respectively),airborne fungal community was dominant in Aspergillus and Cladosporium(28 strains,the isolation rate was 25%and 14.29%,respectively).In addition,Pantoea,Pseudomonas,Trichoderma and Penicillium were common pathogenic microorganisms in the commercial cultivation of P.eryngii,which should be monitored in the production process.[Conclusion]Concentration of bacteria in the airborne community of P.eryngii commercial cultivation facility is higher than that of fungi.The bacterial community is mainly composed of Bacillus and Pseudomonas,and the fungal community is mainly composed of Aspergillus and Cladosporium.
作者
秦文韬
荣成博
宋爽
王守现
廖燕玲
刘宇
QIN Wen-tao;RONG Cheng-bo;SONG Shuang;WANG Shou-xian;LIAO Yan-ling;LIU Yu(Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom,Beijing 100097,China;College of Agricultural and Food Engineering,Raise University,Baise 533000,China)
出处
《生物技术》
CAS
2020年第6期579-583,共5页
Biotechnology
基金
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200801)
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200105)
国家食用菌产业技术体系(CARS-20)。
关键词
杏鲍菇
空气
微生物
群落
组成
监测
Pleurotus eryngii
air
microorganism
community
composition
monitor
