摘要
为提高金枪鱼副产物的利用率,减少资源浪费,本试验基于1,2-二氯乙烷体系结合丙酮沉淀法,建立从金枪鱼副产物中同时提取脂质和鱼油的新方法。采用气相色谱法和液相色谱-质谱联用法分别对提取脂质中鱼油和磷脂进行脂质组学研究。通过调节溶剂体系得到1,2-二氯乙烷-甲醇的最佳体积比为1∶2。进一步优化提取条件,得到磷脂和鱼油的得率分别为0.944%和17.306%。利用气相色谱法分析甲酯化的鱼油中的脂肪酸甲酯成分,同时在负离子全扫描模式下利用液相色谱-质谱联用技术对磷脂分子进行分离鉴定和相对定量分析。结果显示:鱼油中主要含有DHA、棕榈酸、油酸、EPA等18种脂肪酸,其中多不饱和脂肪酸占36.678%。从磷脂样品中共检出16种磷脂酰胆碱,14种磷脂酰乙醇胺,11种磷脂酰肌醇和12种磷脂酰丝氨酸,同时,结果显示所有磷脂分子种中包含ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸链的磷脂所占比例较高。研究表明,基于1,2-二氯乙烷的提取方法可提取金枪鱼副产物中的磷脂和鱼油,相比传统方法更安全,更适用于食品加工业。
In order to improve the utilization rate of tuna by-products,this study was aimed to establish a method for extracting the phospholipids and fish oil simultaneously from wastes,followed by the analysis of fatty acid and phospholipids composition on the basis of multi-dimensional tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography.The 1,2-dichloroethane system combined with acetone precipitation was established to extract phospholipids and fish oil from tuna viscera.After the optimization of this method and the comparison between this method and other traditional methods,the best solvent system was shown to be 1,2-dichloroethane-methanol(1∶2,V/V),whose yields of phospholipids and fish oil were 0.994%and 17.306%,respectively.Afterwards,the obtained fish oil was esterified and analyzed by gas chromatography,and the obtained phospholipids were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in the negative-ion full scan modes.The results show that fish oil mainly contains 18 kinds of fatty acids such as DHA,palmitic acid,oleic acid,EPA,et al,among which polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 36.678%.A total of 16 kinds of phosphatidylcholines,14 kinds of phosphatidylethanolamines,11 kinds of phosphatidylinositols and 12 kinds of phosphatidylserines were detected in phospholipid samples,and a variety of phospholipids containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid chains were detected.As a conclusion,this method can not only extract phospholipids and fish oil in the tuna by-products simultaneously,but also be safer and more suitable for food processing industry.Meanwhile,it can develop and utilize tuna by-products reasonably and achieve the purpose of protecting the environment efficiently.
作者
崔益玮
赵巧灵
俞喜娜
周小敏
马永钧
陈康
戴志远
王萍亚
沈清
Cui Yiwei;Zhao Qiaoling;Yu Xina;Zhou Xiaomin;Ma Yongjun;Chen Kang;Dai Zhiyuan;Wang Pingya;Shen Qing(Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing,the Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province,Institute of Seafood,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310012;Zhoushan Institute for Food and Drug Control,Zhoushan 316000,Zhejiang;Zhejiang Xingye Group Co.Ltd.,Zhousha n 316101,Zhejiang)
出处
《中国食品学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期278-288,共11页
Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31601542)
浙江省基础公益研究计划/分析测试项目(LGC19C200003)。
