摘要
艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者通过抗病毒治疗(ART)能够使血浆中的病毒量下降至检测不到的水平,但由于HIV整合在宿主细胞的基因组中形成病毒储存库,难以被根治。精准测量感染者体内病毒储存库的大小对评价治疗方案的疗效以及判断感染者是否获得功能性治愈均具有重要的临床意义。目前已有多种HIV储存库检测方法,但检测性能参差不齐,缺乏统一的衡量标准,限制了HIV治疗方案的准确评估和发展。基于体外培养的HIV储存库检测方法能够检测出病毒储存库,但仅能代表病毒储存库的最低水平。基于荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测技术的传统PCR检测和数字PCR检测因为无法区分复制功能缺陷的病毒储存库而高估病毒储存库的大小。近来出现的IPDA和Q4PCR检测方法通过应用多重PCR检测可以在PCR高灵敏度的基础上特异地检测出完整的病毒库。本文对HIV储存库的特征及其现有的主要检测方法和新近技术进展进行了综述。
Although highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)can suppress viral replication to undetectable levels,it is difficult to completely cure HIV infected patients because viruses integrate into host cell genomes to form the HIV viral reservoir.Accurately measuring the size of HIV reservoir is of great clinical significance in evaluating the efficacy of treatment regimens and judging whether an infected person is functionally cured or not.At present,a variety of assays for HIV reservoir has been developed.However,the uneven detection performance and lack of measurement standards limit the accurate evaluation and development of new HIV treatment regimens.Culture-based assays are good at measuring the HIV reservoir,but their results only represent the lowest level of the HIV reservoir.PCR-based assays,qPCR and ddPCR,usually overestimate the size of HIV reservoir,because they can’t detect whether the reservoir is defective.The recently developed assays,IPDA and Q4 PCR,employing the technique of multiple PCR testing can detect more accurately the complete HIV reservoir with high sensitivity and specificity.This article reviews the characteristics of the HIV reservoir,the major assays used in measuring the HIV reservoir,and recent progress on testing techniques.
作者
张鑫
潘品良
金聪
ZHANG Xin;PAN Pinliang;JIN Cong(National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期1365-1368,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
国家“十三五”传染病防治科技重大专项(2018ZX10301102-003,2018ZX10734404-005)。
