摘要
将十八烷基伯胺与土壤按不同质量比混合,获得不同斥水度的人为斥水化土壤。采用滴水穿透时间法测定斥水土壤斥水度,并开展不同温度、土壤含水率、溶剂等作用下的土壤斥水度变化规律试验。结果表明:十八烷基伯胺使土壤产生斥水性属于表面物理作用,对土壤颗粒本身化学性质无影响;人为斥水化土壤中十八烷基伯胺含量越高,土壤斥水度越大。在0~105℃温度区间内,随着温度的升高,土壤斥水度变化规律为先增后减,温度为75℃时土壤斥水度达到峰值。从干燥至饱和状态区间内,土壤含水率越高,土壤斥水度变化规律为先增后减,当含水率达到一定值时,土壤斥水性急剧下降甚至消失。强酸性溶液(盐酸)会显著降低人为斥水化土壤的斥水性,甚至变为亲水性土壤,洁厕剂、洗洁精等生活洗涤剂可降低土壤斥水性,而乙醇和丙酮对人为斥水化土壤的性质影响不大。
In order to obtain artificially water-repellent soils with different water repellencies,octadecylamine is mixed with soil in accordance with different mass ratios.The water repellency of the water-repellent soil is measured by the method of drip penetration time,and then the experiments on the variation laws of the water repellencies of the water-repellent soil under the effects of different temperatures,different soil water contents,different solvents,etc.are carried out.The results show that the water repellency of soil caused by octadecylamine belongs to a surface physical effect without any impacts on the chemical properties of the soil particles themselves,while the higher the content of octadecylamine in the artificially water-repellent soil is,the larger the water repellency in the soil is to be.Within the temperature range of 0~105℃,the variation law of the soil water repellency is to be increased at first and then decreased along with the temperature rise,which is to reach the peak value when the temperature is 75℃.Within the interval from the dry status to the saturated status,the higher the soil water content is,the variation law of the soil water repellency is to be increased at first and then decreased,while the soil water repellency is to sharply drop and even disappear when the water content reaches a certain value.The water repellency of the water-repellent soil can be significantly decreased by strong corrosive solution(hydrochloric acid),by which the soil can even be changed into a kind of hydrophilic soil,thus toilet detergent,detergent and other household detergents can lower the soil water repellency,while ethanol and acetone have little impacts on the properties of the water-repellent soil.
作者
吴珺华
刘嘉铭
王茂胜
敖炜超
林辉
WU Junhua;LIU Jiaming;WANG Maosheng;AO Weichao;LIN Hui(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2021年第1期185-190,共6页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51869013)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20181BAB216033)
江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ180530)
南昌航空大学研究生创新基金项目(YC2020-094)。
关键词
斥水土壤
十八烷基伯胺
温度
含水率
溶质
water-repellent soil
octadecylamine
temperature
water content
solvend
