摘要
通过采取无损探测的空间考古方法,综合航天、航空以及地面平台对地观测技术、地下的地球物理探测技术、卫星导航定位技术与地理信息系统空间分析技术并结合相关考古学科方法开展跨学科研究,将河西西汉边境防御系统长城主体及其附属遗址作为研究对象,通过有关时间与事件、地点的互校,考得玉门市黄花营境内的十一墩(斯坦因编号为T.XLII.d烽燧,甘肃省文物考古所编号为Y12烽燧)符合早期玉门关城的设置条件。初步推定十一墩关城为汉武帝时期公元前101年前的玉门关,而敦煌西北小方盘处的玉门关(斯坦因编号T.XIV)存在于公元前101年之后从十一墩西迁去的可能。
At the beginning of last century,French sinologist Mr.Emmanuel-èdouard Chavannes proposed that the Yumen Pass,located at Xiaofangpan site(labelled as No.T.XIV by Stein)in northwest Dunhuang,might move from a place in the east.In 1907,Stein investigated the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty in Dunhuang and found that the beacon tower(No.T.XLII.d)site was quite similar to the Xiaofangpan site.In 1914,Stein visited the No.T.XLII.d site again.He spent a day investigating the site and its surrounding environment.Based on the achievements of this important field survey campaign,he thought that there might have been a pass here,and asked whether there was any relationship between the No.T.XLII.d site and the Xiaofangpan site.In the next 100 years,many Chinese and foreign scholars gave different opinions on it,but there was no consensus.In this study,an interdisciplinary research on the Yumen Pass during the early Western Han Dynasty was carried out based on the non-destructive detection approach of space archaeology,which combines the space-air-ground integrated earth observation,underground geophysical prospecting,satellite navigation and positioning and GIS-based spatial analysis technologies with the related methods in archaeology.By taking the main body of the Great Wall and its affiliated sites on the Hexi’s border defence system as the research object and using the mutual correction of time,event and place,this study found that Mound 11(marked as No.T.XLII.d by Stein,and labelled as No.Y12 by the Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology)located at Huanghuaying,meets the setting conditions of the Yumen Pass.This study preliminarily determined that today’s pass fortress of Mound 11 was the Yumen Pass before 101 BC in the period of Emperor Wu.There is a possibility that the Yumen Pass has been moved from Mound 11 to today’s Xiaofangpan in northwest Dunhuang after 101 BC.
作者
王心源
姚娅
骆磊
WANG Xin-yuan;YAO Ya;LUO Lei(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage Under the Auspices of UNESCO,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期16-26,共11页
Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA19030500)。
关键词
空间考古
汉长城
西汉早期
玉门关
黄花营
十一墩
space archaeology
Great Wall in Western Han Dynasty
the early Western Han Dynasty
Yumen Pass
Huanghuaying
Mound 11
