摘要
由于岛国的地理特点,英国从事海上贸易的历史非常久远,其海上商船保护问题亦可追溯至诺曼征服之前。19世纪初以前,英国海上商船的保护政策主要经历了"结伴航行-商船自愿基础上护航-强制性护航"的调整历程,英国亦采取了一些其他辅助性保护措施。这一时期,随着英国海外殖民地不断扩张和对外贸易日益繁荣,海上贸易的畅通对英国的重要性与日俱增,使得英国商船在海上航行时可能遭遇更多危险,除了成为海盗船等进行财富掠夺的目标外,其在局势紧张抑或战时也易成为敌对国家实施贸易攻击战的打击对象,这令英国国家力量对该问题的介入越来越多。
Due to the geographical characteristics of the island countries,Britain has a long history of maritime trade,and its maritime merchant ship protection can be traced back to the pre-Norman Conquest time.Prior to the beginning of the 19th century,the protection policy of British maritime merchant ships mainly experienced the adjustment process of "sailing in groups,escorting on a voluntary basis and mandatory escorting",accompanied by some other auxiliary protection measures.During this period,with the continuous expansion of British overseas colonies and the growing prosperity of foreign trade,the smooth flow of maritime trade became increasingly important to Britain,which also exposed British merchant ships to more risks when they sailed on the sea.In addition to becoming the target of pirates,they were also easy to be attacked by hostile countries in tense situations or during wartime.This propelled the British national power to get more and more involved in this issue.
出处
《学术前沿》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期100-107,共8页
Frontiers
基金
2020年国家社科基金一般项目“19世纪英国欧洲大陆政策的困境研究”的阶段性成果,项目批准号:20BSS050。
关键词
英国
海上贸易
海上商船
保护政策
Britain
maritime trade
maritime merchant ships
protection policy
