摘要
由于具有良好的物理化学稳定性、高比表面积、可调的孔结构及优良的导电性,多孔炭广泛应用于超级电容器电极材料。它的电容性能与其比表面积、孔结构、表面杂原子、结构缺陷及电极结构密切相关。离子及表面积(有效表面)能够提供丰富的活性位点,而合适的孔结构有利于离子的传输和存储,因而共同影响着炭基电极材料的比电容和倍率性能。具有合适孔径分布、一定数量的离子传输通道及微孔/介孔比例,是提高超级电容器能量密度和功率密度的必要条件。此外,结构缺陷、表面杂原子及合理的电极结构设计对多孔炭基超级电容器的电容性能具有重要的影响。
Porous carbon-based electrode materials have been widely used in supercapacitors(SCs)because of their good physicochemical stability,high specific surface area,adjustable pore structure,and excellent electrical conductivity.The factors influencing their SC performance are analyzed,which include specific surface area,pore structure,surface heteroatoms,structural defects and electrode structure.The high surface area accessible to ions provides abundant active sites for their storage,while a suitable pore structure is important for the accommodation and diffusion of ions,thereby influencing the specific capacitance and rate performance of the electrodes.An appropriate pore size with a narrow distribution is required to increase the volumetric energy density while mesopores are favorable for ion transport,so a good balance between micro and mesopore volumes is important to improve both the energy and power densities of the SCs.Structural defects,surface heteroatoms and a rational electrode structural design all play significant roles in the capacitance performance.
作者
罗先游
陈永
莫岩
LUO Xian-you;CHEN Yong;MO Yan(School of Material Science and Energy Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
出处
《新型炭材料》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期49-68,共20页
New Carbon Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(52062012)
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020028).
关键词
超级电容器
多孔炭
比表面积
孔结构
电极结构
Supercapacitors
Porous carbons
Specific surface area
Pore structure
Electrode structure
