摘要
【目的】20世纪90年代以来神农架林区森林保护工程陆续实施,使得神农架林区景观格局发生显著变化。需要分析这些变化及其驱动机制,以探究保护工作成效,同时为林区未来生态环境保护与土地合理利用对策的制定提供参考。【方法】在遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术支持下,以神农架林区为研究对象,选取1996、2007、2018年共3个不同时期的遥感影像为数据源,利用土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局分布重心模型与景观格局指数,定量分析了神农架林区1996−2018年景观格局的时空演变特征及驱动力。【结果】1996−2018年,林地与水域景观处于稳定向好状态,林地是研究区最主要的用地类型,占林区总面积的90%以上;草地与耕地面积总体呈减少趋势,其他土地用地类型向建设用地转化的趋势较明显。神农架林区总体上景观破碎度有所降低,而东北部区域与中南部区域的破碎化程度加剧,景观多样性也随之呈现扩散趋势。经济、人口、政治等是引起景观格局变化的主导因素。【结论】神农架林区退耕还林等生态保护与恢复工程初见成效,景观格局总体趋于整合,局部破碎化加重而景观多样性有所增加,社会经济空间与生态空间相互融合;近年来神农架大力开发的旅游产业造成了人工斑块对自然景观的侵占,对林区生态安全产生威胁。
[Objective]With a quantitative analysis conducted of the changes in the landscape pattern in Shennongjia Forestry District due to the implementation of forest protection projects since 1990s as well as their driving mechanisms,this study is aimed to explore the effectiveness of the conservation in this region and provide a reference for the future ecological environment protection and rational land use.[Method]Supported by remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)technology and taking Shennongjia Forestry District as the research object,with remote sensing images from three different periods of 1996,2007 and 2018 selected as data sources,this paper has mainly employed land use transfer matrix,landscape pattern distribution center of gravity model and landscape pattern index.[Result]Between 1996 and 2018,the landscape of forest land and water areas has retained a stable and favorable state while there is a general decrease in the area of grassland and cultivated land showed;There has been a more significant tendency in the conversion of other land types to construction land and such changes mainly attribute to human factors.[Conclusion]Ecological protection and restoration projects such as returning farmland to forests in Shennongjia Forestry District have been rewarded with a better integrated landscape pattern,enhanced landscape diversity in spite of aggravated local fragmentation as well as more favorable socioeconomic and ecological space.On the other hand,due attention should be paid to threats against ecological security induced by the booming local tourism with various natural landscapes replaced by artificial patches.
作者
曹嘉铄
邓政宇
胡远东
吴妍
CAO Jiashuo;DENG Zhengyu;HU Yuandong;WU Yan(College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory for Garden Plant Germplasm Development&Landscape Eco-restoration in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期155-164,共10页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2572019BK02)。
关键词
神农架林区
土地利用
景观格局演变
驱动力
Shennongjia Forestry District
land use
landscape pattern evolution
driving forces
