摘要
目的了解六安市部分宾馆室内空气卫生现状,分析室内工作场所环境对呼吸系统的影响,为加强公共场所卫生管理提供科学依据。方法于2018-2019年对六安市部分公共场所进行卫生监测和评价,并通过从业人员健康危因素问卷分析呼吸系统感觉或症状与工作场所环境的关系。使用Excel 2010软件整理数据,利用SPSS 21.0分析数据,率的比较采用卡方检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2018-2019年共检测163个酒店房间,检测项目合计1467项次。在各项检测指标中合格率前两位分别是CO2体积分数和甲醛,湿度和PM2.5合格率较低,分别为34.97%和38.04%。2019年相比2018年温度合格率上升,湿度和PM10合格率下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同轮次的温度、湿度、甲醛、PM2.5、细菌总数、PM10、CO2差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同星级的宾馆温度、PM10差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。细菌总数与湿度呈正相关,真菌总数与温度呈负相关。PM2.5、PM10质量浓度与温度及湿度呈负相关。甲醛与温度呈正相关。室内PM10、PM2.5与室外PM10、PM2.5呈正相关。宾馆冷却塔嗜肺军团菌2018年合格率为100%,2019年合格率为25%。宾馆从业人员呼吸系统感觉或症状的环境危害因素为空气干燥(OR=2.424,95%CI:1.257~4.677)、有刺激性气味(OR=4.708,95%CI:1.673~13.251)、有霉味(OR=2.210,95%CI:1.002~4.876)和空气中有灰尘(OR=1.926,95%CI:1.035~3.586)。结论夏季甲醛浓度因受温度和湿度影响其合格率比冬季低。冬季室内颗粒物浓度因受室外空气质量影响,比夏季高。三星级及以上宾馆温度的合格率较高,快捷宾馆PM10合格率较高。在室外空气质量好的情况下,应加强开窗通风或机械通风,并应完善室内空气和空调系统消毒制度,从而改善室内微小气侯,并应加强室内空气有害物质监测和治理。
Objective To understand the current situation of indoor air hygiene in some hotels in Liuan city,and to analyze the influence of indoor workplace environment on respiratory system,and to provide scientific basis for strengthening hygiene management in public places.Methods Hygiene monitoring and evaluation were conducted in some public places in Liuan city from 2018 to 2019,and the relationship between sensations or symptoms of respiratory system and workplace environment was analyzed by the Health Risk Factor Questionnaire for Practitioners.Results A total of 163 hotel rooms were tested from 2018 to2019,with a total of 1467 test items.Among the test indicators,the top three qualified rates were CO2 volume fraction and formaldehyde,and the qualified rates of humidity and PM2.5 were low,there were 34.97%and 38.04%,respectively.Compared with 2018,the qualified rate of temperature increased,and the qualified rate of humidity and PM10 decreased in 2019,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistical significant differences between temperature,humidity,formaldehyde,PM2.5,total bacterial count,PM10 and CO2 among different rounds(P<0.05).There were statistical significant differences in hotel temperature and PM10 among different stars hotels(P<0.05).The total number of bacteria was positively correlated with humidity,and the total number of fungi was negatively correlated with temperature.PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations were negatively correlated with temperature and humidity.Formaldehyde was positively correlated with temperature.Indoor PM10 and PM2.5 were positively correlated with outdoor PM10 and PM2.5.The qualified rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling towers of hotels was 100%in 2018 and 25%in 2019.Environmental hazard factors for respiratory sensations or symptoms among hotel practitioners were dry air(OR=2.424,95%CI:1.257 to 4.677),pungent odor(OR=4.708,95%CI:1.673 to 13.251),mildew odor(OR=2.210,95%CI:1.002 to 4.876)and airborne dust(OR=1.926,95%CI:1.035 to3.586).Conclus
作者
翟和亮
陈栋
罗慧敏
李玉
ZHAI Heliang;CHEN Dong;LUO Huiming;LI Yu(Liuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liuan 237000,Anhui Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2021年第1期114-120,126,共8页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
宾馆
室内空气
工作场所环境
呼吸系统
hotel
indoor air
workplace environment
respiratory system
