摘要
康德在《论永久和平》中认为永久和平是由自然提供保障的状态。而在其较早的论文《关于一种世界公民观点的普遍历史的理念》中,他将之称为"自然的一个隐秘计划"。基于对两篇论文的对勘可知,在康德那里,自然的合目的性正是通过制造不和来使人类自身不断完善,最终使和平得以呈现;战争固然带来诸多灾难,但从目的论视角看,自然所"安排"的战争为人们提供了完善理性、反思自身的契机,进而可以成为达至永久和平的重要工具。
In the essay"Perpetual Peace",Kant argued that the perpetual peace is a state that is guaranteed by Nature.And in his earlier essay"Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View",Kant deemed that it is"a hidden plan of Nature".Through the exploration and survey of these two papers,we think that Kant believed the purposiveness of Nature can make human beings become more perfect through the discord between them,and finally bringing humanity to peace.Although wars"arranged"by Nature may bring many disasters,they also provide the opportunities for human beings to become more rational and to reflect on themselves,which can become an important tool to achieve perpetual peace from the perspective of teleology.
作者
胡宗超
HU Zongchao(School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)
出处
《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第4期28-32,53,共6页
Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
关键词
康德
永久和平
自然保障
Kant
perpetual peace
the guarantee of Nature
