摘要
企业数据通过汇编作品保护、商业秘密保护、我国《反不正当竞争法》一般条款规制的现行法律保护路径存在缺陷。汇编作品与商业秘密在构成要件上的特殊性意味着它们只能保护部分企业数据,二者的制度面向也与企业数据的利用方式相悖。《反不正当竞争法》一般条款虽然在适用条件和制度目的上能较好地满足企业数据保护的现实需要,但在保护机理和保护范围上仍有难以克服的困境。一般条款适用的不确定性也使其只能成为一种暂时的选择。在国际层面,企业数据的保护模式已经从初期的版权模式转向独立财产权模式。企业数据新型权利理论已相对成熟,既符合财产权的哲学原理,也符合我国民商法的立法精神。在大数据背景下,应当结合企业数据的自然属性和利用方式,为数据控制者设立在特定范围内对企业数据控制、使用、收益和处分的权利。
Defects exist in the current legislative protection paths of business data,which include compilation work copyright protection,business secret protection,and general provisions in the anti-unfair competition law.The particularity of compilation work and business secret in constitutive elements means they can only protect part enterprise data,and their system orientation is also in contrary to the application methods of enterprise data.Though the general provisions in the anti-unfair competition law can relatively satisfy the practical need of enterprise data protection in applicable conditions and system purpose,they are faced with insurmountable dilemmas in protection mechanism and scope.In addition,the uncertainty of general provisions also makes it a temporary choice for enterprise data protection.The international protection model of enterprise data has transformed from the initial copyright model to the independent property rights model.The new right theory of enterprise data has been relatively mature,which conforms to both the philosophical principles of property rights and the legislative spirit of China’s civil and commercial law.This article argues that we should take the natural attributes and application methods of enterprise data into consideration and confer the right of control,usage,benefit and disposal of enterprise data in certain scope on data controllers under the background of big data.
作者
祝艳艳
Zhu Yanyan(The Civil and Commercial Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《征信》
北大核心
2020年第12期29-38,共10页
Credit Reference
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA063)
重庆市社会科学规划项目(2020QNYS77)。
关键词
大数据时代
企业数据
财产权
利益平衡
数据权
the era of big data
enterprise data
property rights
balance of interests
data right
