摘要
西南联大在滇办学的8年间,培养了众多一流学术人才。课程设置、教学方式、学术训练、学习环境是影响西南联大学术英才培养成长的基本因素。在课程设置上,西南联大各院系科学合理的课程体系既为"通才"培养提供了保障,也为"专才"成长创造了条件;在教学方式上,西南联大名师的研究性教学既传授了新知,开阔了学生的学术视野,也激发了学生追求学术的抱负和志向;在学术训练上,通过日常教学和论文写作指导,西南联大教师不仅传授读书治学的基本方法,对学生进行严格规范的科研训练,对学生的学术发展方向也产生了深远影响;在学习环境上,西南联大高度集中的书院式办学环境,形成了浓厚的学术风气和密切的师生关系,自主学习和教师指导的相互结合,使得许多优秀人才脱颖而出、迅速成长。这几个方面的组合和配合,构成了西南联大日常教学和人才培养的基本范式,造就了西南联大的办学奇迹,也为当前我们的一流大学建设提供了珍贵的借鉴。
The National Southwest Associated University(NSAU)trained many first-class academic talents during its eight-year history in Yunnan.Its curriculums,teaching methods,academic training and learning environment were the four key factors affecting the growth of these academic talents.In terms of curriculums,its scientific and rational system adopted by different colleges and departments provided not only guarantee for the training of“generalists”,but also conditions for the growth of“specialists”.In terms of teaching methods,the research-based teaching of many famous teachers not only imparted new knowledge,broadened the academic horizons of the students,but also stimulated the students'motivation and ambition for academic pursuits.In terms of academic training,through daily teaching and essay writing guidance,the teachers of NSAU not only taught the basic reading and learning methods,carried out strict and standardized research training,but also had a profound impact on their academic orientation.In terms of the learning environment,the highly integrated campus culture formed a strong academic atmosphere and a close relationship between teachers and students.The close combination of the student's independent learning and the teacher's guidance helped produce many outstanding talents.The above-mentioned aspects combined to constitute the basic paradigm of daily teaching and talent training of the National Southwest Associated University,which resulted in its miracle in the history of Chinese education and has shed much light on the on-going construction of world-class universities in China.
作者
袁国友
YUAN Guoyou(Institute of History of Technological Sciences,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期87-95,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
西南联大
课程设置
教学方式
人才培养
学习环境
curriculum design
teaching method
training of talents
learning environment
