摘要
自东汉末年至南北朝后期,天下多故,政权更迭频繁,北方王朝的都城虽也不断变更,但往往是在洛阳与邺城两者之间进行抉择。两个城市间展开了激烈的都城争夺战,互有胜负。总体而言,在东西统一时,洛阳往往胜出;而东西分裂时,邺城常常占据上风。地理位置、政经格局、思想文化、军事形势与水文生态等因素都在两者的竞争过程中扮演了重要的角色。洛阳居天下之中,文化底蕴深厚,国力强盛时便于驾驭四方,但又为四战之地,国力衰弱时据之则难以抵御敌对势力的兵锋;邺城雄踞漳河与黄河之间,文化基础较之洛阳虽有不如,但也源远流长,东西分裂时可以有效控制河北,但东西统一时辐射整个中原却较为困难,也难以对南方政权形成强大的军事压力。此外,水运条件的变化,特别是运河的开通与改道,也在洛阳与邺城的兴衰过程中发挥了重要的作用,并最终使得洛、邺之争走向终结。
From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the late Northern and Southern Dynasties,there were many countries in China,so the regime changed frequently.Although the capital of the Northern Dynasties changed constantly,it was either Luoyang or Yecheng.There was a fierce battle for the capital between the two cities.Generally speaking,when the East and the West were unified,Luoyang often won,while when the East and the West were divided,Yecheng often gained the upper hand.Geographical location,political and economic pattern,ideology and culture,military situation and hydrological ecology all played important roles in the process of competition.Luoyang was located in the middle of China and has profound cultural heritage.When the national strength was strong,it was easy to control the four directions,but it was also war prone place.When the national strength was weak,it was difficult to resist the enemy forces.Yecheng was located between Zhanghe River and Yellow River.Although its cultural foundation was not as good as Luoyang,it also has a long history.It ccould effectively control Hebei when the East and West were separated,but it couldn’t radiate the whole Central Plains when the East and West were unified.And it was also difficult to form a strong military pressure on the southern regime.In addition,the changes of water transportation conditions,especially the opening and diversion of the canal,also played an important role in the rise and fall of Luoyang and Yecheng,and finally brought the dispute between Luoyang and Yecheng to an end.
作者
赵九洲
刘家昊
Zhao Jiuzhou;Liu Jiahao(Qingdao University,Qingdao Shandong,266071)
出处
《地方文化研究》
2020年第6期49-58,共10页
Local Culture Research
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“古代华北的能源危机与社会生态变迁研究”(项目编号:14CZS035)阶段性成果
国家社科基金重大项目“多卷本《中国生态环境史》”(项目编号:13&ZD080)阶段性成果。
关键词
洛阳
邺
魏晋南北朝
都城
争夺
Luoyang
Ye
Wei,Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties
capital
competition
