摘要
谷恋创建于明朝初年政府大规模移民的政策背景之下,在嘉靖时期明蒙军事冲突的动乱中增筑堡墙,完成了从“圐圙”到“圐圙堡”的发展。清初开创大东渠,为此后三百多年的农业发展奠定了增产基础,经济发展带来文化匹配,“圐圙堡”成为“谷恋堡”。乾隆中期以后,谷恋商人开始走向全国甚至踏出国门,缔造了“银谷恋”的美誉,期间,虽经历“丁戊奇荒”之大祲,但仍在光绪年间达到发展高峰;与此同时,谷恋之“堡”无论在景观还是实际功用上都丧失意义,遂改称“谷恋”。清末,随着山西商人在中俄茶叶贸易中的退出,以及后来票号的衰落,谷恋商人纷纷返乡,衰落之势亦步亦趋。21世纪,谷恋先后入列“中国传统村落”“中国历史文化名村”名录,又逢乡村振兴战略的实施,进入开启新的生命周期的优秀赛道。在六百余年的生命历程中,靠近水源、下湿盐碱是谷恋诞生的地理基础,也是其终身必须面对的“资源禀赋”;政治是谷恋生命历程中起转折作用的因素;农业和商业是谷恋发展的核心动力;文化是谷恋可持续发展的内在灵魂。今日谷恋的发展,尤其应重视村民的主体性作用,加强对人的培养和教育。
Gulian was founded in the early Ming Dynasty under the background of the government's policy of immigration.And Builded a castle in the Jiajing period when the Mongols attacked.In the early Qing Dynasty,Dadongqu canal was created,which affected the next three hundred years.After the middle period of Emperor Qianlong,Gulian merchants began to go to the whole country and even set foot abroad,creating the reputation of"Silver Valley love".During this period,although they experienced the"Ding-wu Disaster",they still reached the peak of development in the Guangxu period.At the end of Qing Dynasty,with the withdrawal of Shanxi merchants from the tea trade and the decline of Piaohao,Gulian merchants returned home one after another.In the 21st century,Gulian has been listed in the list of"Chinese traditional villages"and"China's famous villages of historic and cultural interest".With the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,Gulian has entered a excellent track of opening a new life cycle.Water source and saline alkali land are the geographical basis for the birth of Gulian;politics is the turning factor in Gulian's life course;agriculture and commerce are the core driving force;and culture is the inner soul of Gulian's sustainable development.
作者
周亚
张茹
Zhou Ya;Zhang Ru(College of history and culture,Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan,030006)
出处
《地方文化研究》
2020年第6期8-15,共8页
Local Culture Research
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(项目编号:17JZD052)
国家社科基金青年项目(项目编号:17CZS003)
山西省高等学校优秀青年学术带头人项目(项目编号:2018052004)
山西省高等学校中青年拔尖创新人才项目(项目编号:2020052002)。
关键词
生命周期
乡村
环境
政治
产业
文化
Life Cycle Theory
Village
Environment
Politics
Industry
Culture
