摘要
为提升杉木苗木质量,以杉木优良无性系“洋061”为材料,采用集中施肥(40 mg/株,分开始和中期分2次施入,每次20 mg/株,CF1),分次施肥(40 mg/株,分10次施入,每次4 mg/株,CF2)、指数施肥[40 mg/株(EF1)、80 mg/株(EF2)、120 mg/株(EF3)和160 mg/株(EF4)]以及对照(0 mg/株,不施肥,CK)处理,研究不同施肥处理对杉木轻型基质苗生长、根系形态以及养分元素含量变化的影响.结果表明:施肥促进杉木苗高、地径、生物量和苗木质量指数的增长,不同施肥处理上述指标较CK增幅介于27.69%-49.56%、7.38%-28.23%、16.95%-72.96%和7.73%-78.05%,且随着施氮量的增加上述指标呈先升后降的趋势,在EF3(120 mg/株)时达到最大;不同施肥处理对根长和表面积没有显著影响,但能显著促进根体积和直径的生长,除CF1和EF2外,不同施肥处理的根体积和直径均显著高于CK;与CK相比,不同施肥处理植株氮、磷和钾含量增幅分别为13.38%-22.53%、4.75%-29.33%和2.54%-15.42%,指数施肥更能促进植株钙、铁和锰的积累,其含量较CK增幅分别介于25.04%-33.88%、59.38%-105.33%和50.36%-81.15%,除镁含量外,施氮量为EF3的指数施肥处理能较好地促进养分元素的积累;相同氮水平下,尽管指数施肥处理的大多数生长和养分含量指标高于常规施肥,但它们之间不存在显著差异;相关性分析结果表明氮和钾含量与植株地上部和根系生长部分指标呈显著正相关,磷含量仅与根系直径生长呈显著正相关.综合考虑苗木生长和养分指标,施氮量为120 mg/株的指数施肥是杉木优良无性系幼苗生长的适宜浓度,在该条件下采用指数施肥有效促进杉木幼苗生长,改善苗木营养状况,提高苗木质量.
The effect of fertilization treatments on Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings was investigated to improve seedling quality.C.lanceolata superior clone“Yang 061”seedlings were left untreated(CK,0 mg/plant)or treated with conventional fertilization type 1(CF1;2 times 20 mg/plant,40 mg/plant total),conventional fertilization type 2(CF2;10 times 4 mg/plant,40 mg/plant total),or exponential fertilization(EF1,40 mg/plant;EF2,80 mg/plant;EF3,120 mg/plant;EF4,160 mg/plant),and the growth,root morphology,and nutrients were measured and compared with those of CK.Fertilization increased the seedling height(27.69%-49.56%),ground diameter(7.38%-28.23%),biomass(16.95%-72.96%),and quality index(7.73%-78.05%).The parameters first increased with increasing N,and then decreased as N increased;the maximum values were obstained at 120 mg/plant.No differences among treatments were observed in root length and surface area but differences were observed in root volume and diameter,where there was significantly more growth in all treatments except CF1 and EF2.N(13.38%-22.53%),P(4.75%-29.33%),and K(2.54%-15.42%)also increased in fertilized C.lanceolata seedlings.Exponential fertilization increased Ca(25.04%-33.88%),Fe(59.38%-105.33%),and Mn(50.36%-81.15%),and EF3 promoted nutrient accumulation,except that of Mg.The growth indices and nutrients were higher using exponential fertilization than conventional fertilization of the same N dose,but the differences were not significant.Correlation analysis showed that N and K were positively correlated with the growth of the aerial parts and roots,and P was positively correlated with root diameter.Based on seedling growth and available nutrients,EF3 is the most suitable treatment for improving C.lanceolata superior clone seedling growth and quality.
作者
李茂
洪凯
许珊珊
曹光球
林开敏
刘晓霞
叶义全
LI Mao;HONG Kai;XU Shanshan;CAO Guangqiu;LIN Kaimin;LIU Xiaoxia;YE Yiquan(Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,350002,China;Zhejiang Provinical Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Administeation Station,Hangzhou,310020,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1490-1497,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600301)资助。
关键词
杉木
指数施肥
养分元素
根系形态
Cunninghamia lanceolate
exponential fertilization
nutrient element
root morphology
