摘要
近年来,以镁、铁、锌为代表的可降解医用金属由于其独特的体内降解性能和优异的生物相容性成为国内外研究热点。这类可降解医用金属能够在体内逐渐被体液腐蚀降解,它们所释放的腐蚀产物能够给机体带来恰当的宿主反应,当协助机体完成组织修复的任务后将全部被体液溶解,避免了二次手术。前期研究表明,三种可降解医用金属在实际临床应用中尚存在一些不足:镁及镁合金的体内降解速率过快,降解过程中产生的氢气会对植入物周围组织和细胞产生不利影响;铁及铁合金的体内降解速率过慢;锌及锌合金的降解速率最符合临床要求,但是其较低的力学性能限制了锌及其合金的应用。鉴于此,可降解医用金属的功能化表面改性技术应运而生。功能化表面改性技术不仅可以实现对可降解医用金属腐蚀行为的调控,还可根据不同的临床需求提高其生物相容性、抗菌活性、抗凝血性能和促成骨性能等。目前,各类表面改性技术已能够有效改善各类可降解医用金属的性能。镁及其合金是研究最为广泛的一类可降解医用金属,各类表面改性技术,如转化涂层、沉积涂层、复合物涂层等已能够显著降低镁及其合金的腐蚀速率。针对铁及其合金的表面改性技术主要以纯铁以及Fe-Mn合金为主,但目前针对铁及其合金的表面改性技术尚难以满足其理想的降解模式要求。锌及其合金是新一代可降解医用金属,现有的表面改性技术主要是为了增强其生物相容性和抗菌性能。本综述归纳了各类表面改性技术的特点,对各类技术的制备方法、应用及目的进行了介绍,并对其未来研究趋势进行了展望。
In recent years,biodegradable metals,including magnesium-,iron-and zinc-based alloys,have become attractive research topics due to their excellent biodegradation performance and biocompatibility.Biodegradable metals can be degraded and absorbed by the human body during/after fulfilling the mission to assist with tissue healing and can avoid the requirement for a secondary removal surgery.However,previous studies have shown that there are still some deficiencies in the practical clinical application of the three biodegradable metals.For example,the in vivo degradation rate of magnesium and magnesium-based alloy is too fast;on the other hand,the in vivo degradation rate of iron and iron-based alloy is too slow and the low mechanical properties of zinc and zinc-based alloys limit their application.In addition,as one kind of biomedical material,it is necessary to be afforded properties such as biocompatibility,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,appropriate mechanical properties,osseointegration,high hardness,ductility,and antibacterial activity according to different clinical applications.In order to improve the properties of biodegradable metals,approaches such as alloying,subsequent treatment and surface modification can be utilized.Nevertheless,it is difficult to control the local corrosion of implants and ensure the mechanical integrity of implants by adding alloying elements.Surface modification is the simplest and most effective method to improve the properties of biodegradable metals with low cost.In view of this aspect,functional surface modification technology of biodegradable metals has been introduced.Functional surface modification technology can not only control the corrosion behavior of biodegradable metals,but also improve their biocompatibility,antibacterial activity,anticoagulant activity,anticoagulant property and osteogenic properties according to different clinical requirements.Currently,various surface modification techniques such as conversion coating,deposition coating,composite coating,etc.h
作者
李华芳
郑宜星
王鲁宁
LI Huafang;ZHENG Yixing;WANG Luning(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering,School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期168-176,共9页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(31700819)
中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2018QNRC001)
中央高校基本科研业务费(FRF-GF-19-007B)。
关键词
可降解医用金属
表面改性
生物相容性
临床应用
biodegradable metals
surface modification
biocompatibility
clinical applications
