摘要
目的了解医学生对人乳头瘤状病毒(HPV)和HPV疫苗的知晓率、认知度和接种意愿,分析影响接种意愿的因素和原因。方法于2018年10月采用分层随机抽样的方法,随机选取天津市某高校不同专业共1 106名医学生进行问卷调查。应用多变量改良版的Poisson回归模型分析影响疫苗接种意愿的相关因素。结果共发放问卷1 106份,有效问卷1 098份(99.28%)。医学生对HPV及其疫苗的知晓率为63.48%,总认知合格率为58.93%。医学生中HPV疫苗接种意愿率为82.88%,HPV疫苗接种率仅为2.46%。单因素分析结果显示,女性的疫苗接种意愿率高于男性(χ2=159.88),预防和其他专业的接种意愿率高于临床专业(χ2=6.62),少数民族高于汉族(χ2=5.15),无性行为者高于有性行为者(χ2=6.49),对HPV及其疫苗知晓者高于不知晓者(χ2=28.96),对HPV认知合格者高于不合格者(χ2=17.62),以上差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,女性(RR=7.74,95%CI:5.23~11.47)、知晓HPV及其疫苗者(RR=1.85,95%CI:1.27~2.69)、对HPV认知合格者(RR=1.47,95%CI:1.02~2.11)更愿意接种疫苗。结论医学生对HPV及其疫苗的知晓率和认知度较高,但对HPV传播途径和HPV疫苗相关知识等认识不足。接受调查者中HPV疫苗接种率低,但接种意愿积极。卫生部门及高校应加强对大学生HPV相关知识的宣传教育,同时需制定适合中国国情的疫苗接种政策,并加强对疫苗质量的监管,有助于HPV疫苗在大学生中的推广和普及。
Objective To assess the awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus(HPV) and its vaccines,and willingness to be vaccinated in medical students,and to explore reasons and factors associated with willingness to receive HPV vaccines.Methods A total of 1106 medical students were randomly selected from different majors in a university in Tianjin using a stratified random sampling method,and they were asked to fill out questionnaires.Multivariable modified Poisson regression model was used to examine factors associated with willingness to be vaccinated.Results In total,1,098 out of 1,106 questionnaires were valid(99.28%).The awareness rate of medical students on HPV virus and vaccines was 63.48%,and the overall cognition pass rate was 58.93%.The HPV vaccination willingness rate among medical students was 82.88%,and the HPV vaccination rate was only 2.46%.Univariate analysis showed that females vaccination willingness rate was higher than that of male,prevention and other majors’ vaccination willingness rate was higher than clinical majors,and ethnic minorities willingness rate was higher than Han nationality,and the willingness rate of people who don’t have sex was higher than those who have sex,the willingness rate of people who know HPV and vaccine was higher than those who don’t know,and the willingness rate of people who were qualified for HPV awareness was higher than those who are unqualified,the differences were statistically significant(χ~2=159.88,6.62,5.15,6.49,28.96 and 17.62,respectively,all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that female,people who know HPV and vaccine and people who were qualified for HPV awareness were more willing to receive HPV vaccines(RR,95%CI=7.74(5.23~11.47),1.85(1.27~2.69) and 1.47(1.02~2.11)).Conclusion Medical students have high awareness and knowledge of HPV and its vaccines,but they lacked enough knowledge about the transmission route of HPV and HPV vaccine.Although the HPV vaccination rate was low in the respondents,the majority expressed strong willingness to be v
作者
白洋
王书琦
饶阳
周洁
黄国伟
马耀梅
孙琢玉
BAI Yang;WANG Shuqi;RAO Yang;ZHOU Jie;HUANG Guowei;MA Yaomei;SUN Zhuoyu(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;Department of Gynecological Oncology,Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Tianjin 300052,China;Department of Gynecological Oncology,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital,Tianjin 300060,China)
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2020年第12期1635-1640,共6页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
基金
天津市自然科学基金绿色通道项目(18JCYBJC42800)。
关键词
医学生
人乳头瘤状病毒
疫苗
认知度
接种意愿
medical students
human papillomavirus
vaccine
knowledge
willingness to be vaccinated
