摘要
美国的职业和技术教育体系广泛多样,服务于多种教育类型。其职业和技术教育最早存在于美国教育体系中的七年级,大部分课程设置在高中、职业中心、大专院校、监狱和成人教育项目中。联邦政府对美国职业教育的支持最早可以追溯到1917年通过的《史密斯休斯法案》,其中有为职业和技术教育进行拨款的相关条款。从历史角度看,美国的职业和技术教育共有六大领域,分别是农业教育、商业教育、家庭和消费科学教育、卫生职业教育、市场营销教育以及贸易和工业教育。美国的职业和技术教育的近期课程改革热点是:通过与学术学科的结合,与高等教育机构的结合,延伸出更广泛的职业领域,以满足市场全球化和技术创新的需求。
The vocational/career and technical education system in the United States is broad and diverse,and serves multiple educational constituents.Vocational/career and technical education can be found as early as grade seven in the U.S.educational system,with most of the curriculum located in high schools,career centers,postsecondary institutions,correctional facilities and adult education programs.Federal support first dates back to 1917,with the passage of the Smith Hughes Act,which allocated funds for vocational/career and technical education.Historically,vocational/career and technical education has been offered within six broad areas of study:agricultural education,business education,family and consumer sciences education,health occupations education,marketing education and trade and industrial Education.New curricular approaches have attempted to meet the changing needs of the global marketplace and technological innovation through the integration of vocational/career and technical education with academic disciplines,articulation with postsecondary institutions,and entry into broader career fields.
作者
Christopher Zirkle
潘百翔
Christopher Zirkle;PAN Bai-xiang(College of Education and Human Ecology,Ohio State University,Columbus 43210,U.S.A;School of Logistic and Information Engineering,Huzhou Vocational and Technological College,Huzhou 313000,China)
出处
《湖州职业技术学院学报》
2020年第3期34-41,共8页
Journal of Huzhou Vocational and Technological College
基金
2018年度国家留学基金管理委员会资助赴美国俄亥俄州立大学访学项目(201808330740)的阶段性成果之一。
关键词
职业和技术教育体系
职业和技术教育领域
课程方法
学生组织
vocational/career and technical education system
career and technical education field
curriculum method
student organization
