摘要
利用1986—2016年中国气象局台风最佳路径资料、海南岛区域站降水数据以及基于拉格朗日方法的轨迹模式对近30 a影响海南岛的台风降水和大气环流特征进行分析,并探讨了台风影响降水期间水汽输送通道和源地。结果表明:6—10月是台风影响海南岛的主要时段,也是台风降水主要时段。在台风降水偏多(少)年,长江以南地区冷空气影响偏弱(强),副热带高压偏弱(强),南支槽偏强(弱),低层水汽通量场呈现异常气旋性(反气旋性)环流。降水偏多年,海南岛受到来自西北太平洋异常东北气流与印度洋、孟加拉湾的异常偏强西南气流影响;降水偏少年,水汽主要来自西太平洋的偏东气流和南海较弱的西南气流。海南岛台风降水的四个主要水汽源地分别为西太平洋、孟加拉湾、南海和印度洋,在台风降水偏多年,水汽输送贡献最大的是西太平洋和孟加拉湾,分别为33%和30%,来自东西两路的水汽供应充足,而在偏少年西太平洋水汽输送贡献最大,为38%,其余水汽源地贡献均在30%以下,以110°E以东的水汽输送为主。
We analyzed the characteristics of typhoon precipitation affecting Hainan Island and atmospheric circulation,and discussed the channels and sources of water vapor supply during process of the precipitation,using tropical cyclone track database from China Meteorological Administration and precipitation data at Hainan regional station from 1986 to 2016 as well as the Lagrangian airflow trajectory model.The results show that the effect of typhoon on Hainan Island and the typhoon precipitation mainly occur from June to October.In years with higher(lower)precipitation,the effect of cold air in the south of Yangtze River and the subtropical high is both relatively weak(strong),but that of the south trough is opposite.Meanwhile,the low level vapor flux field exhibits an anomalous cyclonic(anticyclonic)circulation.In years with higher precipitation,anomalous northeasterly flows and anomalously strong southwesterly flows usually affect the Hainan Island,which mostly come from the Northwest Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,and the Bay of Bengal.However,in years with lower precipitation,moisture is mainly transported by the easterly flows from the Western Pacific Ocean and weak southwesterly flows from the South China Sea.The four major water vapor sources are the Western Pacific Ocean,the Bay of Bengal,the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean.The Western Pacific Ocean and the Bay of Bengal contribute most of water vapor in years with higher typhoon rainfall,accounting for 33%and 30%,respectively.There is sufficient water vapor supply from the east and west oceans.While in years with lower typhoon rainfall,Western Pacific Ocean provides most of water vapor,accounting for 38%,and the contribution of other water vapor sources is less than 30%.The main water vapor channel is located in the east of 110°E.
作者
罗婷
王远清
李丽平
LUO Ting;WANG Yuan-qing;LI Li-ping(Sanya Meteorological Service,Sanya 572000,China;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province,Haikou 570203,China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forest and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2020年第6期42-49,共8页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
海南省气象局青年基金项目(HNQXQN201610)资助。
关键词
海南岛
台风降水
水汽输送
轨迹模式
Hainan Island
Typhoon rainfall
Water vapor transport
Trajectory model
