摘要
探究西北半干旱区农田土壤碳氮含量以及不同碳氮含量对作物产量的影响,以期为保障国家粮食安全和耕地可持续发展提供决策依据。于2017—2018年连续两年在西北半干旱区彭阳县白阳镇、城阳乡和草庙乡,采用农田生态系统调查取样的研究方法,在地膜玉米的成熟期进行整株取样,围绕耕层土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)及碳氮比(C/N)变化趋势,开展土壤碳氮对玉米产量的影响展开研究。测定玉米籽粒的产量组成和实际产量,深入理解农田土壤碳氮含量变化及其对作物产量的影响机理。对指导农田生态系统合理培肥、提高土壤养分利用和生产水平有着重要指导意义。结果表明:调查区域耕层土壤SOC,TN含量及C/N分别分布于4.00~14.00 g/kg,0.80~1.30 g/kg,5.00~13.00之间,且TN随SOC呈上升趋势。总体看,一定阈值内,土壤SOC,TN含量及C/N增加,对玉米增产呈现积极的正效应。耕作层土壤SOC含量为4.00~14.00 g/kg,SOC含量每增加1 g/kg,玉米增产0.79%~12.20%。耕作层土壤TN 0.80~1.10 g/kg时,TN含量,每增加0.1 g/kg,玉米增产4.6%~12.40%;TN含量1.10~1.30 g/kg时,TN含量,每增加0.1 g/kg,玉米减产11.86%~20.05%。耕层土壤C/N在5.00~13.00时,玉米增产1.55%~24.09%。在其他既定条件不便的情况下,西北半干旱区存在通过提高土壤碳氮含量来增加作物产量的潜力。一定阈值内,保持较高水平的土壤碳氮含量对西北半干旱地区节本增效具有十分显著的作用。因此,研究土壤碳氮含量对作物产量的影响,对保障国家粮食安全和耕地可持续利用具有十分重要的意义。
This research was conducted to explore the soil carbon and nitrogen contents of farmland soil and the influence of different carbon and nitrogen contents on crop yield in the semiarid region of northwest China,so as to provide theoretical basis for national food security and sustainable development of arable land.A two-year field research method of farmland ecosystem survey sampling was persistently performed in the semiarid area of northwest China.In 2017—2018,the survey areas were the towns such as Baiyang,Chengyang and Caomiao Town.The whole plant sampling was carried out at the mature stage of mulch maize,and the influence of soil carbon and nitrogen on maize yield was studied by centering on the variation trend of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN)and carbon nitrogen ratio(C/N)in the topsoil.The yield composition and actual yield of maize seeds were determined to understand the change of the SOC and TN contents of farmland soils and their impacts on crop yield,which has important guiding significance for farmland ecosystem in fertilizer application,soil nutrient utilization and production.The results showed that the SOC,TN and C/N of the cultivated soil in the survey area were between 4.00~14.00 g/kg,0.80~1.30 g/kg and 5.00~13.00,and the TN increased with the increase of SOC;overall,within a certain threshold,the increases in SOC,TN and C/N have the positive effect on rise of maize yield;when the surface SOC content is 4.00~14.00 g/kg,the SOC content increases by 1 g/kg,the maize yield increases by 0.79%~12.20%;when the surface TN content is 0.80~1.10 g/kg,the TN content increases by 0.1 g/kg,the maize yield increases by 4.60%~12.40%;when the surface TN content is 1.10~1.30 g/kg,the TN content increases by 0.1 g/kg,the maize yield decrease by 11.86%~20.05%;when the surface C/N content is 5.00~13.00,the maize yield increases by 1.55%~24.09%.In the case that other established conditions are unchanged,the semi-arid region in northwest China has the potential to increase crop yield by increasing soil
作者
胡延斌
肖国举
仇正跻
戴君丽
李永平
HU Yanbin;XIAO Guoju;QIU Zhengji;DAI Junli;LI Yongping(College of Resources and Environment&Institute of Environmental Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Liupanshan Flower Research Institute,Longde,Ningxia 756302,China;Science and Technology Bureau of Pengyang County,Pengyang,Ningxia 756500,China;Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Guyuan,Ningxia 756000,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期58-64,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501302)
国家自然科学基金(41665009)
宁夏科技创新领军人才计划(KJT2016006)。
