摘要
哈代写过一类诗人与天体或造物主相问答、对话的富于厌世色彩的诗,可称作“天问诗”。徐志摩译过其中的《对月》和《一同等着》,徐在哈代影响下,写过类似的诗作《在哀克刹脱教堂前》《又一次试验》《火车擒住轨》等。之前的研究者只注意过《对月》和《在哀克刹脱教堂前》之间的影响关系,但二人的多篇“天问诗”之间,存在着更复杂的影响。两人的天问诗还遵循共同的基本结构,这是一种对立结构:一方为造物不善、给万物带来痛苦的造物主及其下属,另一方为受造的万物,其中包括遭受生存之苦的人类和见证了漫长人世因而满心厌倦的天体。这几类角色构成多种组合,形成了多样的问答、对话或独语的诗歌形式。
A certain category of poems which could be called“Poems of Heavenly Questions”can be found among Thomas Hardy’s works.These poems describe questions and answers between the poet and celestial bodies/the Creatorand are soaked with world-weariness.Two of them were translated into Chinese by Xu Zhimo,who then wrote several poems of the same kind under Hardy’s influence.Besides the connection between Hardy’s To the Moon and Xu’s In Front of the Cathedral of Exeter that has been mentioned in previous studies,there is a more notable complicated network of influences among these poems of both poets.Furthermore,there is a same elementary structure of these poems,which is formed by two opposite sides.One side contains the Creator and his subalterns,who inadequately created all creatures and permanently make them suffer.The other side contains all suffering creatures,especially human beings(with the poets as their representatives),and the world-weary celestial bodies which have witnessed the long miserable history of the world.Via various combination patterns,the four kinds of roles of the two sides compose a wide variety of poetic forms:questions,answers,conversations and soliloquies.
作者
耿靖
GENG Jing(Chinese Language and Literature Department,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《重庆三峡学院学报》
2021年第1期93-105,共13页
Journal of Chongqing Three Gorges University
关键词
哈代
徐志摩
天问诗
影响研究
对立结构
Thomas Hardy
Xu Zhimo
poems of Heavenly Questions
study of influence
opposite structure
