摘要
伴随着海势东迁,明代淮安府沿海荡地已出现盐场与民户相互争夺的态势,一方面是盐场为维护既有的盐利而竭力遏制沿海的农业开发,另一方面则是新淤的荡地往往吸引一批批新来的开发者。清初已淤为内陆的安东县垦荡行为在得到康熙帝首肯后,又有了进一步发展。清中期亭场商办这一市场行为也使得灶丁由制盐转向耕田,从而造成了狼在当地的绝迹。两淮盐场民众面对环境变迁积极调适生计,成为清代海州升为直隶州,庙湾、东台由盐场升格为县及清末民初“废灶兴垦”的内在动力。
With the eastward movement of the sea,there has been a situation of competition between saltworks and civilian households in the coastal areas of Huaian(淮安)Prefecture in the Ming Dynasty.On the one hand,the saltworks tried their best to contain the coastal agricultural development in order to maintain the existing salt benefits,on the other hand,the silted inland often attracted batches of new developers.The reclamation activities in Andong(安东)County,which had been silted inland in early Qing Dynasty,were further developed after the deed got approved by Emperor Kangxi.In the mid-Qing Dynasty,the act of running saltworks by merchants made the workers who boiled salt turn to farming,and even caused the extinction of wolves in the local area.Facing environmental changes,the people in Huainan(淮南)and Huaibei(淮北)saltworks actively adjusted their livelihoods,which became the internal driving force for the promotion of Haizhou(海州)to Zhili(直隶)prefecture,the upgrading of Miaowan(庙湾)and Dongtai(东台)from saltworks to counties in the Qing Dynasty and the change of“abandoning salt stoves and turning to land reclamation”in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
作者
王日根
陶仁义
WANG Ri-gen;TAO Ren-yi(Department of History,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,361005;Institute of High Professional Education,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210023,China)
出处
《史学集刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期42-49,共8页
Collected Papers of History Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“清代海疆政策与开发研究”(13ZD&093)
南京工业职业技术大学人才引进专项项目“海势东迁与明清淮安府濒海民众生计变迁研究”(2020SKYJ02)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目“海势东迁与淮安府盐场民众生计转型”(2020SJA0668)的阶段性成果。
关键词
清代
淮安府
荡地开垦
政府治理
The Qing Dynasty
Huaian(淮安)Prefecture
Reclamation of depression with water and grass
government management
