摘要
震后边坡作为震后常见的工程修复类型,对坡面土壤结构和植被扰动极大。本文以九寨沟工程修复震后边坡土壤为研究对象,选取土石袋阶梯、秸秆覆盖、补植乔木、草本模式的4个样地,结合网格取样和室内分析,运用地统计学对其水文效应和土壤团聚体特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)4个样地的土壤颗粒组成均以0.001~0.050 mm粒径为主,不同修复模式不同土层颗粒之间存在差异,主要表现在0.05~0.25 mm及0.01~0.05 mm。(2)土壤容重、毛管空隙度、总孔隙度平均值样地1最高,土壤持水量,土壤贮水量、合理灌溉定额平均值样地1最高。(3)4个样地中2—5 mm团聚体含量最高,达38.95%~54.68%;>5 mm团聚体含量最低,2.07%~5.52%。(4)干筛处理下,4样地的MWD值、GMD值皆为样地1表现最优。4个样地干筛法测得的MWD值均比湿筛法MWD值高。综上,工程修复震后边坡土壤差异对水文效应的作用显著,主要集中孔隙特征方面,并且震后边坡表层黏粒土壤大量流失后,表层土壤沙砾化,土壤团聚体的稳定性降低。结果可为震后边坡修复不同工程措施背景下恢复土壤结构和减少土壤侵蚀提供理论依据。
As a common type of engineering restoration after earthquake,the post-earthquake slope has a great disturbance on the soil structure and vegetation of the slope.In this paper,the soil on the slope after earthquake vegetation restoration in Jiuzhaigou project was taken as the research object,and four sampled plots with soil-stone bag steps,straw mulching,replanting trees and herbs were selected.The hydrological effects and soil aggregate characteristics were analyzed by geostatistics,combined with grid sampling and indoor analysis.The results showed that:(1)The soil particle size of the four sampled plots was mainly 0.001−0.05 mm,and there were differences among different soil layers in different restoration models,mainly in 0.001−0.25 mm and 0.01−0.05 mm.(2)The average value of soil bulk density,capillary porosity and total porosity in sample plot 1 were the highest,and the average value of soil water holding capacity,soil water storage and reasonable irrigation quota in sample plot 1 were the highest.The differences of maximum water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity and minimum water holding capacity between the surface layer of 0−10 cm and the subsurface layer of 10−20 cm in sample plot 3 were the highest.(3)In the four sampled plots,the content of 2−5 mm aggregates was the highest,reaching 38.95%−54.68%;the content of>5 mm aggregates was the lowest,ranging from 2.07%to 5.52%.The proportion of 2−5 mm soil water-stable aggregates was the highest in sample plot 3,and that of<0.25 mm soil water-stable aggregates in sample plot 1,2 and 4 was the highest.The order of soil aggregate content>0.25 mm was that the content of soil aggregates in the lower layer was higher than that in the upper layer,and the order of sample plots were S3>S2>S1>S4.(4)Under dry sieving treatment,the order of MWD value of 4 plots was S1>S3>S4>S2,but the order of GMD value was S1>S3>S2>S4.The MWD values measured by dry sieving method were higher than those by wet sieving method.The variation order of fractal di
作者
苏宇
刘邵谋
张炜
吴世磊
贺维
SU Yu;LIU Shaomou;ZHANG Wei;WU Shilei;HE Wei(Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland,Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China)
出处
《四川林业科技》
2020年第6期89-96,共8页
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology
基金
九寨沟地震灾区珍稀动物受损栖息地林草植被快速恢复模式研究与示范项目。
关键词
不同修复模式
水文效应
孔隙度
持水量
土壤团聚体
土壤颗粒组成
Different restoration models
Hydrological effect
Porosity
Water holding capacity
Soil aggregate
Soil particles composition
