摘要
To understand the characteristics of population structure of planktonic copepods and their response mechanisms to marine environmental factors in different seasons,the community structure of planktonic copepods in samples obtained from 7 stations in artificial reefs of Wenchang,Hainan Province in March and September 2019 were investigated.A total of 33 species of planktonic copepods belonging to 23 genera within 17 families were identified in artificial reefs,with 27 species and 21 genera in spring,and 23 species and 19 genera in fall,respectively.The identified planktonic copepods were further categorized into estuarine groups,warm temperate groups,warm water coastal groups,and warm water widespread groups.The predominant species in spring were mainly composed of Temora turbinata and Canthocalanus pauper,whereas Tortanus gracilis and Subeucalanus subcrassus were dominant species in fall.The species and abundance of planktonic copepods in spring were higher than that in fall,while the diversity index and evenness were vice versa,with obvious seasonal differences.In addition,there was a correlation between the population of copepods and physicochemical environmental factors.The major warm water group of copepods in spring showed different degree of correlation with environmental factors,such as NO2-N,NH3-N,pH,water depth,temperature etc.,while the population of copepods in fall was affected by limiting factors such as dissolved oxygen,pH,and temperature.In conclusion,copepods species inartificial reefs were rich and diverse,and their community structure tended to be stable.In addition,the surrounding water quality was generally good,and the whole marine ecosystem and ecological environment were in good condition.
于2019-03和2019-09对海南文昌人工鱼礁附近海域展开调查研究,各获取7个站位的样品数据,分析了该生态区浮游桡足类的群落结构,为深入了解不同季度桡足类种群结构特征以及应对海洋环境因子响应机制。结果表明:生态区内共鉴定浮游桡足类17科23属33种,春季21属27种,秋季19属23种,共分为河口类群、暖温带类群、暖水沿岸类群和暖水广布类群四个生态类群,桡足类优势种随季节的变化而更替,春季以锥形宽水蚤(Temora turbinata)、微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanus pauper)为绝对优势种,秋季则以瘦歪水蚤(Tortanus gracilis)、亚强次真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)占主导。浮游桡足类的种类数和丰度整体呈现为春季>秋季,多样性指数、均匀度则反之,季节性差异明显。此外,桡足类种群与海洋理化环境因子间存在相关性,春季桡足类的主要暖水性类群与NO2-N、NH3-N、pH、水深和温度等环境因子间呈现出不同程度的相关性。秋季桡足类种群则受溶解氧、pH和盐度等限制因子影响。总体看来,整个人工鱼礁生态区海洋浮游桡足类种群丰富和多样化,群落结构趋于稳定,且周边水质状况整体较好,海洋生态系统和生态环境呈现良好状态。
基金
supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 419QN254)
