摘要
近几年,以枯萎病、黑胫病、黑痣病、疮痂病等为主的马铃薯土传病害在定西市安定区呈高发态势,危害大,防治困难。采用生物防治措施代替化学防治是未来发展趋势。为减少土传病害的危害,提高马铃薯产量,建立可持续病害防控技术体系,试验选择枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂、寡糖·链蛋白、赤·吲乙·芸苔、马铃薯种薯处理剂、氟环·咯菌腈种子处理悬浮剂、噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂6种药剂进行种薯拌种和田间喷雾防治,以种薯不处理为对照,研究不同处理组合对马铃薯土传病害的防治效果。结果表明,采用寡糖·链蛋白225 g/hm^2+马铃薯种薯处理剂15 kg/hm^2拌种处理防治马铃薯黑胫病、枯萎病较其他处理组合效果好,防治效果达44.3%、42.2%;氟环·咯菌腈种子处理悬浮剂30 mL/hm^2+噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂30 mL/hm^2拌种处理防治马铃薯环腐病、黑痣病、疮痂病较其他处理效果好,防治效果达34.5%、59.0%、72.7%;产量最高的是氟环·咯菌腈种子处理悬浮剂30 mL/hm^2+噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂30 mL/hm^2拌种处理,为40544 kg/hm^2,较种薯不处理(CK)高11169 kg/hm^2,增产率38.0%,其次是寡糖·链蛋白225 g/hm^2+马铃薯种薯处理剂15 kg/hm^2拌种处理,产量为39051 kg/hm^2,较种薯不处理(CK)高9676 kg/hm^2,增产率32.9%。因此,在生产中,可选用氟环·咯菌腈种子处理悬浮剂30 mL/hm^2+噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂30 mL/hm^2拌种处理,进行马铃薯土传病害的防治并继续进行其他药剂的防治试验,总结马铃薯土传病害绿色防控技术模式。
In recent years,potato soil-borne diseases,such as Fusarium wilt,black leg,black scurf and scab,have a high incidence in the Anding District,Dingxi City,causing great harm and difficult control.Using biological control measures instead of chemical control is the future development trend.In order to reduce the harm of soil borne-diseases,improve potato yield,and establish a sustainable disease prevention and control technology system,the experiment selected Bacillus subtilis WP,oligosaccharide·catenin,gibberellin·indoleacetic acid·brassinolide,potato seed treatment agent,sedaxane·fludioxonil SC for seed treatment,and thiamethoxam ZF for seed treatment,with blank treatment as a control,to study the control effects of different treatment methods on potato soil-borne diseases.The treatment of oligosaccharide·catenin 225 g/ha+potato seed treatment agent 15 kg/ha for seed treatment was better than other treatments in controlling potato black leg and Fusarium wilt,and the control effects were 44.3%and 42.2%,respectively.Sedaxane·fludioxonil SC 30 mL/ha+thiamethoxam ZF 30 mL/ha for seed treatment had better effects for controlling potato ring rot,black scurf and scab,with control effect being 34.5%,59.0%and 72.7%,respectively.Sedaxane·fludioxonil SC 30 mL/ha+thiamethoxam ZF 30 mL/ha for seed treatment gave the highest yield,40544 kg/ha,which was 11169 kg/ha higher than that of the control,and the yield increase rate was 38.0%,followed by oligosaccharide·catenin 225 g/ha+potato seed treatment agent 15 kg/ha for seed treatment,with a yield of 39051 kg/ha and yield increase rate of 32.9%.Therefore,in production,the treatment of sedaxane·fludioxonil SC 30 mL/ha+thiamethoxam ZF 30 mL/ha for seed treatment should be chosen for soil borne diseases control.Also,other agent experiments are needed to continue in order to establish green control technology model for the control of potato soil-borne diseases.
作者
朱亚萍
李继明
武汉军
赵维涛
杨莹
ZHU Yaping;LI Jiming;WU Hanjun;ZHAO Weitao;YANG Ying(Horticultural workstation of Anding District,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,China;Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center of Anding District,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,China)
出处
《中国马铃薯》
2020年第6期350-358,共9页
Chinese Potato Journal
基金
甘肃省主要粮棉油作物抗逆优质高产新品种应用研究及配套技术集成与示范推广课题(17ZD2NA016-1)
关键词
马铃薯
生物药剂
土传病害
防效
产量
potato
biological agent
soil-borne disease
control effect
yield
