摘要
语言是由人类神经生物属性决定的一套认知计算系统,它使我们可以理解和产出无限的具有内在结构的语言单元。这套认知计算系统在婴儿出生后飞速发展,5岁左右的幼儿已经接近成人水平。语言的发展和其他生物系统的发展一样受内在机制和外在环境的制约。本文回顾过去50年儿童语言习得研究领域关注的主要问题与争论焦点,在此基础上,阐释了从跨学科视角对主要问题进行的探索,对今后儿童语言习得研究实现语言学、认知科学、发展心理学、神经科学和人工智能等多学科融合的方向和路径进行展望,并提出,要真正实现多学科融合这一目标,新一代儿童语言习得研究者既要掌握语言学理论和认知科学的实验方法,还要善于同其他学科的研究者开展合作,以跨学科的方式来理解更为广阔的语言、心智与大脑的关系。
Language is fundamentally a biologically determined computational cognitive system that enables us to produce and understand an infi nite number of hierarchically structured expressions.Infants develop this system remarkably quickly within the fi rst few years of life,and by age 5,they are eff ectively adult-like in their language competence.The development of language,like any biological system,is shaped both by internal constraints and by language experience from the external environment.This paper fi rst gives an overview of major research questions and debates in the fi eld of child language research in the past 50 years,and then reviews prior cross-disciplinary investigations that attempted to address these questions.On the basis of the prior research,the paper proposes a cross-disciplinary approach to the study of child language that integrates fi elds like linguistics,cognitive science,developmental psychology,neuroscience,and Artifi cial Intelligence.This cross-disciplinary approach requires a new generation of child language researchers who are well versed in the child language research tradition,well informed about cross-disciplinary approaches that integrate the relevant fi elds,as well as open-minded to explore new possibilities for cross-disciplinary collaborations when looking into the grand areas of language,mind and brain.
出处
《语言战略研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期48-59,共12页
Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning
基金
国家社科基金项目“使用眼动追踪考察学龄前儿童语言发展”(16BYY076)。
关键词
儿童语言习得
跨学科
认知科学
神经科学
人工智能
child language acquisition
cross-disciplinary
cognitive science
neuroscience
artifi cial intelligence
