摘要
应急管理是上关国家安全,下系百姓民生的重要公共产品,其背后的事权与支出责任配置长期以来广受关注。作为提升国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的关键环节,伴随着社会风险的日益增加,应急管理事权与支出责任背后的制度缺陷逐渐暴露。从事权角度看,应急管理事权的横向配置较为完善,但纵向配置即分级管理机制还不够完善,央地之间、省级以下政府间的权力配置不明,且缺乏动态调整预案;从支出责任角度来看,支撑应急管理事权的主要资金来源预备费体量过小,横向转移支付机制不健全且对社会资本的运用缺乏效率。因此,应在明确应急管理共享事权的基础上,根据应急响应的不同等级划分央地各级事权,建立有规则、有监督的应急管理体系,综合运用财政资金和社会资本,确保支出责任匹配到位。
As an important public product of national security and people’s livelihood,emergency management has been widely concerned for a long time.As a key part to improve the national governance system and the modernization of governance capacity,with the increasing social risks,the institutional defects behind the authority and expenditure responsibility of emergency managementare gradually exposed.From the perspective of authority,the horizontal allocation of the authority of emergency management is relatively perfect,but the hierarchical management mechanism is not perfect.The power allocation between central and local governments and governments below the provincial level is unclear,and there is no dynamic adjustment plan.From the perspective of expenditure responsibility,the reserve fund which is the main source of funds to support the emergency management authority is too small,the horizontal transfer payment mechanism is not perfect and the use of social capital is inefficient.Therefore,on the basis of clarifying the shared authority of emergency management,according to the different levels of emergency response,we should divide the authority of central and local governments at all levels,establish a regular and supervised emergency management system,and comprehensively use financial funds and social capital to ensure that the expenditure responsibility matches in place.
作者
欧阳天健
OUYANG Tian-jian(Economic Law School,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)
出处
《经济体制改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期153-159,共7页
Reform of Economic System
基金
司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目中青年课题“事权与支出责任动态调整法治化问题研究”(18SFB3043)。
关键词
应急管理
事权
支出责任
匹配
emergency management
authority
expenditure responsibility
match
