摘要
【目的】通过总结油桐生物学研究取得的进展,提出目前油桐相关基础研究中亟待解决的问题,并提供一定的研究思路,以推动油桐产业的进一步发展。【方法】收集近5年来油桐生物学方面的研究报道,结合油桐独特的生物学特性进行分析和总结。【结果】多方面的油桐生物学研究工作得以开展,涉及花性别分化、光合生理、逆境生理、基因组研究、分子标记、油脂合成机制和组织培养等。油桐基因组测序的完成有助于发掘一批新的参与油脂合成以及抗病相关的基因;同时,基于油桐全基因表达的e FP browser被建立起来,对于油桐基因功能的研究具有重要的推动作用。转录组和蛋白质组的分析表明雌花的发育受到茉莉酸、一些重要的转录因子以及与花分生组织活性相关基因的影响,并且雌花的最终形成与细胞程序化死亡相关基因有着紧密的联系。SSR、ISSR和SNP等类型分子标记的开发揭示了油桐的遗传多样性,为油桐的品种选育奠定了基础。【结论】组学研究有助于更深入揭示油桐油脂合成和花性别分化的机制。油桐的组织培养技术也已比较成熟,为油桐优质苗木生产提供了技术支撑。目前关于油桐光合生理和逆境生理的研究强调了矿质元素和环境因素对盆栽油桐幼苗生长的影响,但缺少对成年树木的研究以及相关分子机制的研究。
【Objective】Through summarizing the research advance on tung tree,this article proposed some problems to be solved urgently,which provided cues for future research on tung tree and was beneficial for the further industry development of tung tree.【Method】The research reports mainly in the past five years were collected,analyzed and summarized based on the special biological characteristics of tung tree.【Result】The studies on tung tree in multi-fields were conducted,involving flower sex differentiation,photosynthetic physiology,environmental stress,genome research,tung oil synthesis mechanism,molecular marker and tissue culture technology.The genome sequencing of tung tree was facilitated to find novel genes with regards to oil synthesis and pathogen resistance.Besides,a tung tree electronic fluorescent pictographic(eFP)browser was devised to permit the visualization of gene expression patterns,which should promote greatly further gene function research.The transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed that the development of female flower was regulated by salicylic acid,some important transcription factors and the genes regarding floral meristem activity and the formation of female flower was also involved in programmed cell death.The molecular markers SSR,ISSR and SNP were developed to analyze the genetic diversity of Vernicia fordii,providing an important basis for tung tree breeding.【Conclusion】Omics studies deeply reveal the mechanisms of lipid synthesis and flower sex differentiation in tung tree.The technology of plant tissue culture for V.fordii has been well built,which supports the production of high-quality tung seedling.Available reports show that the studies on photosynthetic and stress physiology in V.fordii concentrated on the effect of mineral nutrition and environmental factor on the growth of V.fordii seedling in pots,the research on adult tree and the molecular mechanisms are absent.
作者
张庆伟
温智婷
罗克明
ZHANG Qingwei;Wen Zhiting;LUO Keming(School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2020年第4期238-245,共8页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600703)。
关键词
油桐
组学研究
光合生理
油脂合成
Vernicia fordii
omics research
photosynthesis
oil biosynthesis
