摘要
通过采取入户调查、问卷调查、资料收集和采样监测4种方式,对大理市洱海流域101个典型村落的农村生活用水量、污水组成及排放特征进行调查分析,结果表明,大理市洱海流域农村生活平均用水量为103.95 L/(人·d),排水量为88.21 L/(人·d),排污系数COD为22.41 g/(人·d)、氨氮为4.15 g/(人·d)、总氮为5.87 g/(人·d)、总磷为0.48 g/(人·d)。农村外排污水主要包括洗澡、冲厕所、餐厨和洗衣服四类废水,目前污水收集率已达88.37%,各村落已基本实现“四水”全收。在时间分布上,农村生活污水各指标浓度呈现旱季较高、雨季较低的特征;在空间分布上,呈现出上关镇污水浓度显著较高,其他乡镇较低且基本保持一致的特征。本研究调查分析结果可以为洱海流域农村生活污水收集与治理提供理论参考及数据支撑。
By adopting household survey,questionnaire survey,data collection and field sampling monitoring four ways,the life water,sewage and emission characteristics of 101 typical rural village in Dali Erhai Lake basin were investigated,the results show that the average water consumption in Dali Erhai Lake basin rural life is 103.95 L/(cap·d),displacement is 88.21 L/(cap·d),pollution discharge indicators COD is 22.41 g/(cap·d),ammonia nitrogen is 4.15 g/(cap·d),total nitrogen is 5.87 g/(cap·d),total phosphorus is 0.48 g/(cap·d)and mainly includes rural outside sewage bath,flushing,kitchen and laundry four types of waste water,the sewage collection rate has reached 88.37%,every village has basically achieved the full collection of the“four water”.In terms of time distribution,the concentration of the indexes of rural domestic sewage in Erhai Lake basin was higher in the dry season and lower in the rainy season.In terms of spatial distribution,the sewage concentration of Shangguan town is significantly higher,while that of other towns is relatively low and basically consistent.This investigation aims to provide theoretical references and data supports for the collection and treatment of rural domestic sewage in Erhai Lake basin.
作者
陆海
张先智
吴程
靳涵丞
LU Hai;ZHANG Xianzhi;WU Cheng;JIN Hancheng(Yunnan Appraisal Center for Ecological and Environmental Engineering,Kunming 650228,China;Power China Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited,Kunming 650051,China)
出处
《环境影响评价》
2020年第6期20-25,共6页
Environmental Impact Assessment
基金
水资源高效开发利用和水环境保护关键技术与管理决策支持系统研究(云南省重点研发计划2019BC002)。
关键词
大理市洱海流域
农村生活用水
农村生活污水
污水水质
Dali Erhai Lake basin
rural domestic water
rural domestic sewage
sewage water quality
