摘要
针对潮土区冬小麦种植季氨挥发损失严重的问题,通过设置田间试验,研究不同氮肥运筹对潮土区冬小麦产量及土壤氨挥发的影响。结果表明,在减氮14.3%的条件下,各处理并未明显降低小麦产量,且CRFA和CRFC处理与FP处理相比略有增产;CRFA处理的氮肥偏生产力最高,PFPN值为23.75kg/kg,其次是CRFC和CRFD处理;冬小麦基肥期不同处理的土壤氨挥发通量均在施肥12d后达到高峰,其值由高至低的顺序为MF>FP>NIP>CRFC>CRFB>CRFD>CRFA,氨挥发累积量的高低顺序为CRFC>FP>CRFB>MF>CRFA=NIF>CRFD;冬小麦追肥期氨挥发累积量高低顺序为FP>CRFA>CRFC>CRFB>MF>CRFD>NIF。氮肥运筹处理的追肥期氨挥发量明显高于基肥期氨挥发量。FP处理的氨挥发总量最大,CRFD处理的氨挥发总量最低。综上所述,在减氮14.3%的条件下,控释肥D处理的产量与农民习惯处理持平,氨的挥发通量和累积量均较低,氨挥发的减排效果最好,因此是一种值得选择的环境友好型肥料。
Aiming at the serious problem of ammonia volatilization in winter wheat planting season in fluvo-aquic soil region,field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen application strategies on winter wheat yield and soil ammonia volatilization.The results showed that under the condition of 14.3%of nitrogen reduction,the wheat yield of all treatments did not significantly reduce,and the yield of CRF A and CRF C treatments were slightly higher than that of FP treatment.The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer under CRF A treatment was the highest with PFP N value as 23.75 kg/kg,followed by CRF C and CRF D treatments.The soil ammonia volatilization flux of different treatments at base fertilization stage of winter wheat had an obvious peak after 12 days of fertilization.The order of peak value from high to low was MF>FP>NIP>CRF C>CRF B>CRF D>CRF A,and the order of ammonia volatilization accumulation was CRF C>FP>CRF B>MF>CRF A=NIF>CRF D.The order of ammonia volatilization accumulation at topdressing stage of winter wheat was FP>CRF A>CRF C>CRF B>MF>CRF D>NIF.The amount of ammonia volatilization at topdressing stage was significantly higher than that at base fertilization stage.The total amount of ammonia volatilization was the highest under FP treatment and the lowest under CRF D treatment.In conclusion,under the condition of 14.3%of nitrogen reduction,the wheat yield under the controlled-release fertilizer D treatment was the same as that under the farmer’s practice,and the ammonia volatilization flux and accumulation were lower,and the emission reduction effect of ammonia volatilization was the best,so it was a kind of environmental friendly fertilizer worthy of selection.
作者
李洪杰
赵同凯
孙明
李子双
仲子文
张英鹏
Li Hongjie;Zhao Tongkai;Sun Ming;Li Zishuang;Zhong Ziwen;Zhang Yingpeng(Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou 253015,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第11期51-55,共5页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
农业农村部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室开放课题“氮肥运筹对冬小麦氨挥发损失的影响”
国家小麦产业技术体系“养分管理及麦田环境治理”岗位科学家项目(CARS-03)
山东省农业重大应用技术项目“山东省冬小麦种肥混播技术模式集成创新与示范”。
关键词
冬小麦
氨挥发
氮肥偏生产力
控释肥
硝化抑制剂
微生物肥
Winter wheat
Ammonia volatilization
Partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer
Controlled-release fertilizer
Nitrification inhibitor
Microbial fertilizer
