摘要
了解浮游生物对河流筑坝的响应,为高原河流的生态保护与可持续利用提供科学依据。基于野外调查、历史调研和室内实验,分别构建2007年(筑坝前)和2018年(筑坝后)火烧沟河流水生生态系统的Ecopath模型,通过对比分析筑坝前后的生态系统结构和功能及其系统特征,探讨筑坝对浮游生物的影响,并应用冗余分析(RDA)分析浮游生物与环境因子的相关性,识别出关键环境因子。结果表明,筑坝对浮游生物有显著影响,具体表现为:(1)筑坝后,浮游植物的种类、密度与生物量分别增加0.5、7.4和8.2倍,浮游动物分别增加1.8、8.7和3.4倍,两者的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均显著增加,但Margalef丰富度指数降低;(2)Ecopath模型结果显示,筑坝后生态系统趋向稳定,其周转率的上升、食物链的转变及混合营养效应的变化是浮游生物变化的重要原因;(3)冗余分析表明,筑坝后总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、水温(WT)是影响浮游生物群落分布的主要环境因子。
Huoshaogou River, located in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is a tributary of Huangshui River of the upper Yellow River. Since 2011, nine cascaded dams have been constructed on Huoshaogou River. The project included development of a wetland park and a sponge city, but the dams have significantly impacted the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, Huoshaogou River was used as a case study to explore the response of riverine plankton to damming. To assess the effects of damming the river on the aquatic ecosystem, and the phytoplankton response, Ecopath was used to model the Huoshaogou River in 2007(before damming) and 2018(after damming). The data for developing the model was obtained from a field investigation conducted in June 2018 and historical data from July 2007, supplemented by laboratory experiments. Redundancy analysis(RDA) was used to analyze the relationship between the plankton community and environmental factors. The objective of the investigation was to provide scientific evidence to support ecosystem conservation and sustainable use of plateau river resources. Modeling results show that the cascaded dams constructed on Huoshaogou River significantly impacted plankton and there were three major findings:(1) After damming, the number, density and biomass of phytoplankton increased by 0.5, 7.4 and 8.2 times, respectively, and those of zooplankton increased by a factor of 1.8, 8.7 and 3.4, respectively. The Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices of plankton community significantly increased, but the Margalef richness index decreased.(2) The Ecopath model outputs indicate that the ecosystem was more stable after dam construction. Changes in the phytoplankton community were attributed to increased turnover rate and transformation of the primary food chain due to trophic mixing.(3) Redundancy analysis showed that total phosphorus(TP), total nitrogen(TN), and water temperature(WT) were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of plankton communities after damming.
作者
吴艺
尹心安
毛旭锋
林兆霞
令建康
张艳春
包先霞
WU Yi;YIN Xin-an;MAO Xu-feng;LIN Zhao-xia;LING Jian-kang;ZHANG Yan-chun;BAO Xian-xia(Plateau Science and Sustainable Development Research Institute,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,P.R.China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Natural Geography and Environmental Processes,Key Laboratory of Surface-Processes and Ecological Conservation,Ministry of Education,Xining 810008,P.R.China;School of Environmental Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,P.R.China;Management Center for Huangshui National Wetland Park,Xining 810008,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期115-123,共9页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0404504)
国家自然基金(52070108,51669028)
青海省基础研究项目(2018-ZJ-712)
中国科学院“西部青年学者”项目。
