摘要
"最小干预原则"作为一项基本的文物保护原则,其形成与发展伴随艺术和哲学思想的发展,经历了漫长的循序渐进过程。自18世纪以来,过度干预对文物的破坏促使文物保护意识发生转变,温克尔曼、卡瓦萨皮、卡诺瓦等艺术家相继提出最小程度干预的思想。至20世纪,最小干预原则正式成为文物保护中一项基本原则并不断地发展、完善。最小干预原则应依据具体的保护对象、条件和目标,尽量避免不必要的保护行为,争取保留文物最大的价值。这一原则理念进入中国后也经历了从"理念冲突"到"达成共识"的过程,在吸收国际普适性保护理念的基础上,结合我国的文化背景及逐渐完善的保护经验,成为适用于我国文物保护的重要准则。
Minimum intervention is a fundamental principle of heritage conservation.It has undergone a long and slow process of evolution and has been shaped by the development of art theories and philosophical thoughts.From the 18 th century,conception toward conservation started to shift due to the great damages caused by excessive interventive measures.Artists including Johann Joachim Winckelmann,Bartolomeo Cavaceppi,and Antonio Canova respectively proposed the ideas of minimum intervention.In the 20 th century,the minimum intervention formally became a principle of heritage conservation and has been developing and improving ever since.Minimum intervention means that the conservation measures should be customized to fit the specific conditions of the heritage item with the aim to avoid unnecessary activities and maintain the most value of the item.After being introduced into China,this principle underwent a process from"controversy"to"consensus".As one of the internationally accepted principles of conservation,the minimum intervention has been practiced in China based on the specific Chinese cultural context,and has now become an important guideline of China’s heritage protection.
作者
龚德才
于晨
龚钰轩
GONG De-cai;Yu Chen;GONG Yu-xuan(Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,Anhui,230026)
出处
《东南文化》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期6-12,共7页
Southeast Culture
关键词
最小干预原则
极少主义
文物保护
文物保护理念
文物保护原则
the minimum intervention principle
minimalism
heritage conservation
conservation conception
conservation principle