摘要
新型农业经营主体的发展,逐渐显现出无法同时兼顾粮食安全与农民就业的困境,克服该困境能有效解决新型农业经营主体的可持续发展问题。基于粮食安全和吸纳劳动力视角,通过经济学分析构建了对各类新型农业经营主体进行分类的方法,分析不同类型农业经营主体的行为选择特征,探讨在发展新型农业经营主体的同时兼顾粮食安全与农民就业目标的策略。研究表明,各类新型农业经营主体中只有大中型家庭农场和种粮大户具有稳定的粮食种植倾向,新型农业主体在与农产品要素相结合时对农村劳动力具有显著的吸纳作用,建设销售型合作社可有效提高粮食种植的经营稳定性。合理对各类新型农业经营主体区分管理,是摆脱新型农业经营主体发展困境的关键,也是有效保障我国粮食安全的同时促进农业现代化建设的必由之路。因此,提出扶持适度规模家庭农场与种粮大户,严格限制下乡工商资本的经营范围,鼓励农户成立农产品销售型合作社。
The development of new type of agricultural business operations brings in a dilemma:grain security and rural labor employment cannot go together simultaneously.Overcoming this dilemma can effectively solve the problem of sustainable development of the new type of agricultural business operations.From the perspectives of grain security and rural labor absorption,this paper constructed a framework to classify all kinds of new agricultural business operations through economic analysis,analyzed the behavior selection characteristics of different types of agricultural business operations,and tried to develop a strategy of taking care of grain security and rural labor employment at the same time while developing new agricultural business operations.Results show that only large and medium sized family farms and large-scale grain-growing households show a stable tendency of grain planting,new agricultural business operations can employ more rural labors when combined with agricultural commodity elements,and the construction of sales-oriented cooperatives can increase the stability of new-type agricultural business operations.In addition,rational and differentiated management of all kinds of new type of agricultural operations not only serves as the key to get out of the dilemma but also can effectively guarantee the progress of agricultural modernization in China.Therefore,this paper suggests supporting moderate scale household agricultural operations and large scale grain farms,strictly limiting the business scope of industrial and commercial capital investment in rural areas,and encouraging farmers to establish agricultural sales cooperatives.
作者
钱煜昊
武舜臣
QIAN Yu-hao;WU Shun-chen(Center for Food Security and Strategic Studies,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China;Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100732,China)
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期937-945,共9页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(17YJAZH031)
2016中国科协高端科技创新智库青年项目(DXB-ZKQN-2016-22)。
关键词
新型农业经营主体
粮食安全
农村劳动力
经济学分析
分类管理方法
new agricultural operations
grain security
rural labor force
economic analysis
classification management method
