摘要
普遍性与特殊性是经典作家描述的意识形态的两个基本特征,以往观念中以一种"利益论"的意识形态"本性"预设为前提对其进行解读,其结果不完全符合经典作家本意,其解释力也成问题。根据马克思的精神生产理论,意识形态本性上是一种"特定的"理性认知的精神产品而非政治图谋的结果,进而可推论,它是一种旨在以"阶级意识"解答"普遍性问题"、达到普遍"规律""价值"的思想观念体系。在此理解中,"普遍性"指意识形态所面向问题与目标的普遍,"特殊性"指对问题解答之特殊,且两者构成辩证统一关系,这是意识形态的一个基本规律。这种解读能够较完整准确地反映经典作家的本意,也有助于深化对意识形态本性与规律的认知,同时有助于对正确理解新时代主流意识形态的某些新特征提供理论支持。
Universality and particularity are the two basic characteristics of ideology described by classical writers. In the past, the presupposition of ideological "nature" of "interest theory" was taken as the premise to interpret it, which cannot fully conform to the original intention of classical writers, and its explanatory power is also problematic. According to Marx’s theory of spiritual production, ideology is essentially a spiritual product of "specific" rational cognition rather than the result of political plot. Further inference is that it is an ideological system aimed at solving "universal problems" with "class consciousness" and achieving universal "law" and "value". In this understanding, "universality" refers to the universality of the problem and goal faced by ideology, and "particularity" the particularity of the solution to the problem, the two of which constitute a dialectical unity, which is a basic law of ideology. This kind of interpretation can reflect the original intention of the classical writers completely and accurately, and help deepen the cognition of the nature and law of ideology, providing theoretical support for the correct understanding of some new characteristics of the mainstream ideology in the new era.
作者
崔昆
Cui Kun(School of Marxism,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China)
出处
《学术探索》
2020年第11期12-18,共7页
Academic Exploration
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC720005)。
