摘要
保卣和犁子鼎所记关乎成王岐阳之蒐,其本质是会同之礼。排比二铭干支可知,乙卯日二伯之一的周公殷见东域诸侯,曾为周南之地,其地为周公所主,曾侯谏(犁子)应参与了乙卯日的殷见。丁巳日周成王会同诸侯,会同之前有"大祀""大■"两个重要的祀典,大祀即祭祀天地,大乃祀方明之事,所记可与《仪礼·觐礼》对读。戊午日曾侯谏被周成王蔑历,并"敞白牡一"。敞者,高显之谓;"敞白牡一",乃成王特赐曾侯谏以天子祭礼"白牡一"祭祀其父伯适,且其受赐之事早于周公旦,曾国始封君伯适是目前可考的周初首位获赐白牡祭祀的勋贵。己未日,成王大飨诸侯,并赏赐多邦伯。二铭所记会同之礼的仪程清楚,仪节详明,对深入认识周初会同礼有重要的学术价值。
The inscriptions on the Bao you-wine jar and Lizi ding-cauldron recorded that the vassal lords were convened by King Cheng of Zhou to the south of Mount Qi, with the conference rite as the essence. According to the sexagenary cycle of the inscriptions, Duke of Zhou who was in charge of the eastern area of the Zhou dynasty received vassal lords from the east on the yimao 乙卯 day. The state of Zeng was in the eastern area, so Marquis Jian of Zeng(Lizi 犁 子) should have attended the reception.Two days later, on the dingsi 丁巳 day, King Cheng of Zhou held a conference with the vassal lords,while before it there were two important rituals-"dasi"大 祀 and "dayou" 大. Dasi is to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth, dayou is to offer sacrifices to the gods of four directions, which can be corroborated with "The Audience" [Jinli 觐礼] in Etiquette and Rites [Yili 仪礼]. After two days, on the wuwu戊午 day, King Cheng of Zhou encouraged and praised Marquis Jian of Zeng, and rewarded him a white bull to offer sacrifice to his father-the founder of the state of Zeng-Bo Shi 伯适. Chang 敞 is to show Marquis Jian’s dignity. Bo Shi was the first noble receiving a white bull, earlier than Duke of Zhou. On the jiwei 己 未 day, King Cheng of Zhou hosted a banquet and recognized many vassal lords. The inscribed procedure of the conference rite is clear and detailed, which is of great scholarly value for a deeper understanding of the early Zhou conference rite.
作者
黄益飞
Huang Yifei(Beijing 100101)
出处
《江汉考古》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期110-116,共7页
Jianghan Archaeology
关键词
会同
殷见
大祀
大■
敞白牡
Conference
Reception
Dasi
Dayou
honor a white bull to show dignity
