摘要
为明确冀南麦区小麦高产栽培的适宜播期和种植密度,以邯麦16号为试材,采用裂区试验设计,分析了不同播期(10月3日、10月8日、10月13日、10月18日和10月23日)和密度(300万株/hm^2、375万株/hm^2和450万株/hm^2)对小麦群体茎数及产量的影响。结果表明:播期和密度均对各生育时期的群体茎蘖数以及分蘖成穗率有显著影响,尤其是对最大茎蘖数之前群体茎蘖数的影响达到了极显著水平。播期对小麦返青期和拔节期基本没有影响,但随着播期的推迟,小麦出苗、抽穗和开花期均有不同程度的推迟。相同播期下,不同密度对小麦生育期影响较小。播期和密度均对产量有显著影响,随着播期推迟,产量呈先增加后降低趋势;随着密度增加,产量逐渐降低。播期对单位面积穗数和千粒重有显著影响,对穗粒数影响不显著;密度对产量构成三因素均有显著影响。播期与密度互作对产量有极显著影响,不同播期有其相应的种植密度。在邯郸地区,邯麦16号的适宜播期为10月8~13日,适宜种植密度为300万株/hm^2。
In order to make clear the suitable sowing date and density for high yield cultivation of wheat in south Hebei,taking Hanmai No.16 as the material,using the split-plot design,the effects of sowing date and density on the stem number and yield of wheat were studied.The main plots were five sowing dates of October 3 rd,8 th,13 th,18 th and 23 th,and the split plots were three densities of 300×10^4,375×10^4 and450×10^4 seedlings per hectare.The results showed that the sowing date and density had significant effects on the stem number of each growth period as well as the spike rate,especially the effects on stem number before the maximum stem number reached a very significant level.The sowing date and density had little effect on the rejuvenation and jointing stage of wheat,but with the delay of sowing date,the emergence,heading and flowering had different degrees delay.Under the same sowing date,different densities had little effect on the growth period.The sowing date and density had significant effects on the yield.With the delay of sowing date,the yield showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.With the increasing of density,the yield decreased gradually.The sowing date had significant effects on the spike number per hectare and 1000-grain weight,but had no significant effect on the grain number per spike.The density had significant effect on the yield components.The interaction of sowing date and density had very significant effect on the yield,and different sowing date had the corresponding density.The suitable sowing date of Hanmai No.16 is from Oct 8 th to Oct 13 th,and the suitable density is 300×10^4 seedlings per hectare.
作者
苏玉环
刘庆芳
马永安
刘保华
王雪香
陈冬梅
张恒
赵志军
王伟
宋彦龙
SU Yu-huan;LIU Qing-fang;MA Yong-an;LIU Bao-hua;WANG Xue-xiang;CHEN Dong-mei;ZHANGHeng;ZHAO Zhi-jun;WANG Wei;SONG Yan-long(Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan 056001,China;Guantao Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Guantao 057750,China;Weixian Meteorological Bureau,Weixian 056800,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2020年第5期29-34,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
河北省现代农业科技奖励后补助专项(18926323H)
国家小麦产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-03)
河北省高端人才项目。
关键词
播期
密度
小麦
群体茎数
产量
Sowing time
Density
Wheat
Stem number
Yield
