摘要
岩溶塌陷是湘中地区常见的地质灾害类型之一。根据湘中煤炭坝矿区大成桥、回龙铺、贺石桥、煤炭坝及岳家桥等岩溶塌陷地区的多年监测数据,对矿山闭坑后煤炭坝矿区岩溶塌陷特征进行了初步分析。结果表明:矿区闭坑后至地下水基本恢复阶段,岩溶塌陷事件时有发生且局部甚至会出现塌陷小高峰;塌陷数量、塌陷频率与场地岩土体性质、地下水恢复阶段及闭坑前原塌陷集中区分布位置等有关;矿山闭坑后地下水恢复过程中不同阶段岩溶塌陷表现出3种塌陷时空效应,分别为集聚效应(地下水位于可溶岩内)、界面效应(地下水恢复至可溶岩与非可溶岩或第四系界面附近)与顶板效应(地下水位高于隔水顶板)。研究结果对具有类似工程地质条件地区的岩溶塌陷防灾减灾工作将有着一定的指导意义。
Karst collapse is one of the common disasters in Central Hunan Province.Based on the multi-year monitoring data in some karst collapse areas,such as Dachengqiao,Huilongpu,Heshiqiao,Meitanba and Yuejiaqiao,we analyzed the karst collapse temporal-spatial characteristics after mine closure in Meitanba area,a coal mine area.The results showed that:the karst collapse happened occasionally and even concentrated in some local areas during the period between mine closure and groundwater full-recovery;the collapse quantity and frequency have a close relation with certain factors,such as rock-soil mass characteristics,groundwater recovery phase and older collapse concentrated area before mine closure.In addition,we concluded three kinds of karst collapse temporal-spatial effect,such as accumulative effect(the groundwater is distributed in soluble rocks),interface effect(the groundwater recover to the interface between soluble and non-soluble rocks or Quaternary layers)and roof effect(the groundwater level is higher than aquiclude).The results have certain guiding significance for karst collapse prevention and mitigation in similar engineering geological condition areas.
作者
彭祖武
潘宗源
丁健
文武飞
尹欧
PENG Zuwu;PAN Zongyuan;DING Jian;WEN Wufei;YIN Ou(Key Laboratory of Karst Collapse Prevention,CAGS,Guilin 541004,China;Hunan Institute of Geological Survey,Changsha 410116,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2020年第11期103-108,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
中国地质科学院岩溶塌陷防治重点实验室开放研究基金项目“矿山闭坑后煤炭坝地区岩塌陷易发性评价研究”
湖南省科技创新计划项目“综合构造控制与优先层理论的岩溶管道空间分布规律研究”(2018JJ3270)。
关键词
岩溶塌陷
矿山闭坑
集聚效应
界面效应
顶板效应
煤炭坝地区
karst collapse
mine closure
accumulative effect
interface effect
roof effect
Meitanba area
