摘要
航空应急救援具有响应速度快、救援范围广、机动性强等特点,在应对重大公共突发事件时,具有其他救援方式不可替代的重要作用。依据航空应急救援的公平性、时效性、效率性布局原则,首先通过网络层次分析了影响航空应急救援场点布局的因素,并对布局网络中各个灾害需求点进行权重计算;然后结合应急救援设施选址p-中值模型,建立了航空应急救援设施点与应急需求点间的目标函数,构建区域覆盖加权距离矩阵,并通过MATLAB软件计算加权最大距离最小化问题,得到不同航空应急救援设施数量下应急救援设施点与应急需求点间对应的服务关系以及网络布局结构;最后通过案例分析并确定了适用于超大城市的航空应急救援网络布局新方式,即主城区多中心-远郊环状形式的布局结构,可为开展超大城市航空应急救援网络布局工作提供参考。
Aviation emergency rescue has fast response speed,wide range of rescue,and strong maneuverability,and plays an important role that cannot be replaced by other rescue ways when dealing with major public events.Based on the fairness,timeliness,efficiency of the aviation emergency rescue layout principles,this paper analyzes the factors affecting the layout of the aviation emergency rescue sites through analytic network process,and calculates the weights of disaster demand points of the layout network.Then,combined with the p-median model for emergency facility location,the paper establishes the objective function between emergency facility points and the demand point,and builds the regional coverage weighted distance matrix.Next,the paper calculates the minimization problem of weighted maximum distance by MATLAB,and gets service relation between emergency facility points and the demand points under different facility numbers and the network layout structure.Finally,the paper conducts a case study to determine the new way of aviation emergency rescue network layout applicable to megacities,namely,multiple centers in the urban districts surrounded by sites in the suburb districts,which may provide reference for aviation emergency rescue network layout of megacities.
作者
皮骏
吉亚铭
齐福强
PI Jun;JI Yaming;QI Fuqiang(College of General Aviation,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin300300,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第6期140-146,共7页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2000420558)。
关键词
通用航空
超大城市
应急救援
场点布局优化
网络层次分析
p-中值模型
general aviation
megacity
emergency rescue
oputimization of site layout
analytic network process
p-median model
