摘要
产业生产率的传统计量由于忽略了企业进入退出行为和多产品结构问题导致在计量中面临同步偏误、选择性偏差和价格非协同性的影响,干扰模型参数乃至生产率的准确估计。依托Olley和Pakes建立的计量框架,基于半参数结构规避了战略性进入退出等经营策略对参数有效性和无偏性的影响。同时针对产品间的垂直差异,聚焦不同产品由于产业化时间的不同导致在设备投资和自动化层面的区别,实现了综合投入成本的多产品分解。实证研究依托2009—2018年国内光伏组件设备企业的生产经营数据,动态测度了产业生产率。结果发现,兼并整合对行业生产率的提升作用相对有限,更重要的动力来自在位企业的工艺改善和产品更迭。尤其是产品更迭,实现优质高效新产品的市场更替,有效解决了产品生命周期内的技术瓶颈约束,成为企业乃至行业生产率持续进步的源动力。
The traditional measurement of industrial productivity ignores the entry and exit behavior of enterprises and the problems of multi-product structure,which results in the impact of synchronization errors,selective deviation and price non-synergy factors on the measurement and interferes with model parameters and even the accurate estimation of productivity.The measurement framework established by relying on Olley and Pakes avoids the impact of strategic entry/exit business strategies on the effectiveness and unbiasedness of parameters by the semi-parametric structure,and meanwhile is aimed at the vertical differences among products,focuses on the differences of different products in equipment investment and automation level caused by different industrialization time,and realizes the multi-product decomposition of comprehensive input cost.Based on the production and operation data from domestic photovoltaic module equipment enterprises in the past decade,this empirical research dynamically measures the industrial productivity.The results show that the promoting effect of merger and integration on industry productivity is relatively limited,and the more important driving force comes from process improvement and product alternation of the incumbent enterprises.Realizing the market alternation with high-quality efficient new products,in particular,has effectively solved the technical bottleneck constraints in product life cycle and become the source power for the continuous improvement of productivity in the enterprises and even the whole industry.
作者
沈曦
SHEN Xi(Department of Economics,Northeastern University,Boston 02115,USA)
出处
《山东财经大学学报》
2020年第6期41-54,共14页
Journal of Shandong University of Finance and Economics
关键词
动态生产率
多产品模型
同步偏误
光伏行业
dynamic productivity
multi-product model
synchronization error
photovoltaic industry
