摘要
旅游区与周边社区的矛盾冲突长期贯穿于我国旅游业发展实践。旅游孤岛效应因包含空间隔离与权力失衡两大要义,对解读旅游地利益相关者博弈关系具有较强适用性。在旅游孤岛效应理论下构建的包含“类型、特征、成因、演化、状态、调控”六位一体的分析框架,明确了政府、旅游企业与社区居民三方核心利益主体的利益诉求与博弈关系,进而系统探明旅游区与周边社区利益博弈关系的静态表现与动态演化路径,在为旅游地矛盾冲突提供理论上的破解思路。以下三条路径为调控利益主体间的冲突提供借鉴:采取聚集非中心化的区域发展策略,弱化因单一旅游区发展产生的极化效应;实施去边界化的旅游区发展方向,推进旅游区与周边社区共享旅游发展;应用增权参与的社区发展思路,平衡政府、旅游企业、社区居民之间的旅游权力结构。从旅游孤岛效应分析利益相关者博弈关系的表现与演化,有助于为缩小区域发展差距、增进和谐共享发展提供理论建议,实现乡村振兴、优质旅游的发展要求。
Conflicts have always existed between tourist attractions and neighboring communities in China’s tourism industry.These conflicts arise as a result of interest games played by parties involved,which can be explained by the island effect theory,a theory that spells out space isolation and power imbalance as two important reasons for conflicts to arise.The theory provides a framework of six components:classification of types of conflicts,their features,their causes,their evolution,their status quo,and their control,and distinguishes the interests of the stakeholders involved:the government,the tourism operators,and the local residents from one another,thus offering a systematic probe into the way that conflicts occur and evolve,and a theoretical tool kit for their resolution.The following three approaches can serve as a guidance for settlement of the conflicts:the adoption of a decentralized regional development strategy,the minimization of polarization effect that results from the development of a single tourist site,and the implementation of a borderless tourist site development scheme to allow both tourism operators and local residents to share benefits and balance the power structure between the government,the operators,and the local communities.Thus the use of the island effect theory can help researchers to make proposals for narrowing the gaps in regional economic development,promoting harmony and sharing of benefits of such development,reinvigorating rural economy and achieving high-quality growth of tourism.
作者
田里
宋俊楷
TIAN Li;SONG Junkai
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期147-157,共11页
Thinking
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“旅游孤岛效应测度与调控机制研究”阶段性成果(16BGL121)。
关键词
旅游孤岛效应
利益相关者
利益博弈
矛盾冲突
社区参与
Tourism Islanding Effect
Stakeholders
Interest Games
Conflicts
Community Participation
