摘要
随着我国社会转型和经济转轨,家庭照顾资源严重不足,同时教育改革的推进导致儿童照顾问题愈发严峻。2018年9月,北京市教委再次推行校内托管改革,旨在缓解学生放学后的托管困境。通过对文献资料的分析和对北京市S区双职工家庭的深度访谈,引入阶层和性别变量对家庭托管实践进行剖析,并进一步探究儿童照顾责任对在业母亲的影响,及其对公共服务的需求。研究发现,校内托管深化改革后,中上阶层家庭倾向购买高质量的市场服务,而代际抚育和校内托管则更易获得中下阶层的认可,儿童照顾延续着以母亲为主导的传统社会性别分工模式,家庭对工作的影响给女性的就业选择和职业发展设置壁垒。校内课后托管虽然分担部分学龄儿童的课后照顾责任,减轻了女性的家庭负担,但亟须规范和完善。因此,政府应重视儿童照顾中传统社会性别分工模式的延续问题,建立靶向双职工和普通儿童的家庭友好政策。
With China's ongoing social and economic transformation,the resource of family-based care for children has become increasingly insufficient.Beijing Municipal Education Commission introduced another reform featuring after-school on-campus daycare in September 2018 to better cope with the concerns of relevant parents.This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research and in-depth interview in S District of Beijing and incorporates the factors such as social classes and genders with the analysis of family-based daycare practice.It further discusses the impact of the task to take care of children on working mothers and their correlating needs for public support service.Its findings show that families from the upper-middle class prefer to purchase high-quality educational services in the market whereas those from lower-middle class tend to rely on grandparents and schools for post-school daycare service after the introduction of on-campus scheme.Women are thus forced to continually assume the task of taking care of their children in accordance with traditional gender-based labor division at home,creating barriers for women in the access to employment and career development.Therefore,governments shall pay more attention to the question of traditional gender-based labor division related to the task of taking care of children at home and come up with more family-friendly policies beneficial to dual-career families and school-aged children.
作者
张艳霞
王梓萱
ZHANG Yanxia;WANG Zixuan
出处
《中华女子学院学报》
2020年第6期50-57,共8页
Journal of China Women＇s University
关键词
社会照顾
双职工家庭
校内课后托管
在业母亲
家庭友好政策
social care
dual-career families
after-school care
working mothers
family friendly policies
