摘要
为解决水稻平作栽培与蚯蚓无法共存的难题,本研究提出一种水稻垄作栽培养殖蚯蚓的技术模式,并探究了水稻垄作栽培与养殖蚯蚓结合对水稻生长特性及产量的影响,通过设计常规水稻垄作栽培(CK)、水稻垄作放养蚯蚓20 g·m^-2(RE1)、40 g·m^-2(RE2)和60 g·m^-2(RE3)的田间对比试验,研究水稻垄作养殖稻蚯蚓模式下植株地上部生长特性、根系生长特性和产量及产量构成。结果表明:与CK处理相比,RE3、RE2和RE1处理水稻地上部干物质积累量在孕穗期至成熟期增幅分别为10.81%~13.70%、9.14%~12.44%和7.23%~8.82%,叶面积指数增幅分别为8.39%~14.40%、6.33%~10.94%和7.02%~10.34%;水稻垄作养殖蚯蚓模式增加了水稻根系干物质量、根冠比、根数和根体积,降低了齐穗后剑叶叶片丙二醛含量,提高了剑叶SOD和POD活性,维持抽穗后剑叶SPAD值和根系伤流液在较高水平,减缓了剑叶叶片衰老,有效提高了抽穗后植株干物质的积累,为水稻产量稳产及增产奠定基础。研究还发现,水稻垄作养殖蚯蚓模式中,RE2和RE3处理的水稻地下部和地上部生长特性整体均优于RE1处理。
To solve the failure of coexistence between rice and earthworm in conventional flat planting,we proposed an earthworm raising technique under rice ridge cultivation and explored its effects on rice growth and grain yield.A field experiment was conducted with the treatments of conventional rice ridge cultivation(CK),rice ridge planting with earthworm raising at a density of 20 g·m^-2(RE1),40 g·m^-2(RE2)and 60 g·m^-2(RE3).The growth properties of shoots and roots of the plants,grain yield,and the formation of yield were investigated.The results showed that,during grain filling stage,aboveground biomass of RE3,RE2,and RE1 was increased by 10.81%-13.70%,9.14%-12.44%,and 7.23%-8.82%,while leaf area index was increased by 8.39%-14.40%,6.33%-10.94%,and 7.02%-10.34%,respectively.Rice ridge planting with earthworm raising increased root biomass,root/shoot ratio and the number and volume of roots,decreased malonaldehyde content in flag leaves after full heading,and enhanced SOD and POD activities in flag leaves.The SPAD of flag leaves after earing and bleeding sap in roots were kept at a higher level,and the aging of flag leaves was retarded.The plant dry matterafter earing was effectively enhanced,laying the foundation for a stable and high yield.Moreover,RE2 and RE3 had better performance than RE1 in belowground and aboveground growth of rice plants.
作者
梁玉刚
陈璐
廖欣
陈奕沙
胡雅林
余政军
陈灿
黄璜
LIANG Yu-gang;CHEN Lu;LIAO Xin;CHEN Yi-sha;HU Ya-lin;YU Zhengjun;CHEN Can;HUANG Huang(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Observation Station of Crop Cultivation Science in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Rice Field Ecological Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha 410128,China;College of Economics,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期3285-3294,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
湘北水稻生态优质技术集成与示范(2018YFD0301003)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(18C0132)资助。
