摘要
随着微电网内部分布式电源技术日益成熟、渗透率不断增加,大量电能产消者的加入给微电网的电能交易带来了新的机遇和挑战。在新形式下,传统的集中式电能交易方法存在交易效率低、维护成本大、隐私性低、信息安全系数低、信息透明度低等问题。为此,提出了基于区块链技术的微电网电能交易方法。首先,利用基于区块链系统的微电网电能所有权和代币交换方法,保障交易双方信息隐私及交易数据的安全。在区块链信息系统中,产消者与消费者进行电能所有权、代币的交易,使用智能合约保障交易双方的权益。然后,提出了基于信用的共识机制,将信用值作为微电网节点的基础属性,以信用值影响节点获得挖矿奖励的概率,约束微电网内节点的行为。最后,提出基于拍卖机制的微电网电能匹配方法和消费者出价策略。微电网中产消者出售多余电量,消费者根据自身需求发起对产消者电量的竞拍。使用拍卖机制和估价策略激励消费者理性竞价,提升微电网的内部消费,维持微电网内部的供需平衡。算例结果表明,所提微电网电能交易方法可进行多边竞价交易,有效提高微电网内部的自我消费,确保微电网的经济效益,保障交易的安全运行。
With the increasing penetration rate of distributed generation in microgrid and the growing maturity of its technology,the participation of a large number of proconsumers brings new opportunities and challenges to the energy transaction in microgrid.In the new form,the traditional centralized energy transaction method has the problems of low transaction efficiency,high maintenance cost,low privacy,low information security coefficient,low information transparency and so on.Therefore,an energy transaction method of microgrid based on blockchain technology is proposed.Firstly,the exchange method of microgrid energy ownership and tokens based on blockchain system is used to guarantee the information privacy and transaction data security of both parties.In the blockchain information system,the proconsumers and consumers trade energy ownership and tokens,and their rights and interests are protected by smart contracts.Then,a consensus mechanism based on credit is proposed,which takes the credit value as the basic attribute of microgrid nodes and takes the mining reward probability of the credit value impact nodes to restrict the behavior of nodes in microgrid.Finally,the auction mechanism-based energy matching method and consumer’s bidding strategy are put forward.Proconsumers within the microgrid sell surplus electricity and consumers initiate bidding for proconsumers’electricity according to their own needs.The auction mechanism and valuation strategy are used to stimulate rational bidding of consumers,so as to improve the internal consumption of microgrid and maintain the balance between supply and demand within the microgrid.The example results show that the proposed energy transaction method can be used to conduct multilateral bidding transactions,improve the self-consumption within the microgrid effectively,ensure the economic benefits of the microgrid,and guarantee the safe operation of transactions.
作者
秦金磊
孙文强
朱有产
李整
QIN Jinlei;SUN Wenqiang;ZHU Youchan;LI Zheng(Department of Computer,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems,Ministry of Education,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)
出处
《电力自动化设备》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期130-137,共8页
Electric Power Automation Equipment
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(F2014502081)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2018MS076,2020MS120)
国家留学基金委资助项目(201906735027)。
关键词
区块链
微电网
拍卖算法
电能交易
智能合约
blockchain
microgrid
auction algorithm
energy transaction
smart contracts
