摘要
本文基于CHNS数据,研究了扩招前后男女工资差距及性别歧视的变化,并解释了发生变化的原因。均值分解结果表明:与扩招前相比,扩招后的性别工资更大,且与扩招前相比,扩招后不可解释部分显著增加,表现出了更高的工资歧视程度。通过进一步分析发现虽然女性的教育收益率大于男性,但扩招后劳动力市场的竞争程度发生了变化,而男性和女性的工资收入对劳动力市场的变化存在差异,具体表现为:与女性相比,男性在扩招后收入实现了大幅度增加,因此女性在扩招后处于更不利的工资地位,由此扩大了男女工资差距。所以新时期仍需加强相关立法,倡导性别平等,减少就业性别歧视。
Based on the data of China's health and nutrition survey 1989-2015,the paper analyzes the changes of wage gap and gender discrimination before and after the higher education expansion and the reasons.Using the mean decomposition method,we find that compared with the pierod of pre-enrollment expansion,the gender gap and the unexplained part are lager after the higher education expansion,which indicates a higher degree of wage discrimination after the high education expansion.The further analysis shows that,although women’s rate of return to education is greater than that of men,the competition degree of the labor market has changed after the expansion of higher education,which makes women face more disadvantages in wage market.Compared with women,men’s income increases substantially after the enrollment expansion,which eventually increases the wage gap and gender discrimination to a certain degree.Therefore,in the new period,legislation need be continually strengthened to ensure the fair employment of women,to promote gender equality in culture and then reduce gender discrimination in employment.
作者
王晶晶
WANG Jing-jing(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071)
出处
《南方人口》
CSSCI
2020年第5期46-57,共12页
South China Population
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“人口老龄化背景下人工智能对劳动力市场的影响”(18BRK032)。
关键词
性别工资差距
工资分解
高校扩招
Gender wage gap
Wage decomposition method
Higher education expansion
