摘要
【目的】研究石灰水喷施浓度和覆盖率对‘纽荷尔’脐橙和‘沃柑’的果面温度、叶面温度、日灼发生率、果实品质等影响,以确定日灼防控的适宜喷施浓度和覆盖率。【方法】以‘纽荷尔’脐橙和‘沃柑’杂柑为材料,设置5个石灰水质量浓度0(CK)、5、10、20、40 g·L^-1和2个喷施覆盖率30%和50%,于夏季高温来临前对树冠进行喷施。【结果】与对照相比,喷施石灰水能显著降低叶面和果面温度,但其降温效果具有阈值。随喷施浓度和覆盖率的升高,叶面反光率升高,日灼程度和日灼发生率降低。质量浓度40 g·L^-1覆盖率50%的处理叶面反光率最高,日灼发生率和日灼程度最低。喷施石灰水能显著增加果实硬度,影响维生素C含量、色度L值、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量。主成分分析表明,采用石灰水质量浓度为40 g·L^-1、喷施覆盖率为50%提高‘纽荷尔’脐橙和‘沃柑’果实品质的效果最好。【结论】喷施石灰水能显著降低果实和叶片日灼,且对果实品质无不良影响,在日灼易发区,推荐喷施石灰水质量浓度为40 g·L^-1、覆盖率为50%。
【Objective】Sunburn is a serious physiological disease in citrus production,which leads to significant loss of fruit quality and yield.With the frequent exposure to high temperature and strong light in summer,the occurrence of sunburn is increasing and causes serious economic losses in citrus industry.To date,there are many ways to reduce the damage of sunburn,such as spraying sunscreen,spraying water,bagging,stamping shade net,carrying out sod-culture,and building shelterbelt.Among these methods,spraying lime suspension on the canopy of citrus trees is regarded as the most economical and applicable way.However,there are different opinions on suitable lime concentration for reducing sunburn,and there has been no systematic study on the control effect with lime suspension.In this study,we compared the fruit and leaf surface temperatures,the incidence of sunburn,and the quality of fruit at the different treatments with spraying of lime suspension at different concentrations and coverages,to establish suitable concentration and coverage for sunburn control.【Methods】Two cultivars,’Newhall’navel orange and’Orah’mandarin,were used as the materials for the experiment.Five concentrations of lime[0 g·L^-1(CK),5 g·L^-1,10 g·L^-1,20 g·L^-1,and 40 g·L^-1]and two spraying coverages(30%and 50%)were used.The surface of leaves and fruit in the outer canopies were sprayed before the commence of summer high temperatures.The surface temperatures of the leaf and the fruit near sunburn spot were measured with an infrared thermometer.After the end of high temperature season,the degree and incidence of sunburn were statistically analyzed.The quality indexes,including peel chrominance,pericarp thickness,peel hardness,flesh recovery,and contents of vitamin C,titratable acids and soluble solids were measured at the commercially mature stage.Principal component analysis of these quality parameters was carried out to establish the optimal treatment.【Results】Compared with the control,the treatment of spraying lime sus
作者
王敏
邱洁雅
何义仲
李文广
凌丽俐
淳长品
付行政
曹立
彭良志
WANG Mina;QIU Jieyaa;HE Yizhong;LI Wenguang;LING Lili;CHUN Changpin;FU Xingzheng;CAO Li;PENG Liangzhi(Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center,Chongqing 400712,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期1518-1527,共10页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0202006)
国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-01A)。
关键词
柑橘
石灰水
温度
日灼
果实品质
Citrus
Lime water
Temperature
Sunburn
Fruit quality
