摘要
采用盆栽试验方法研究夏玉米根系脱氢酶活性、植株氮磷钾养分吸收、干物质积累和产量对不同施肥方式的响应,以期为夏玉米合理施肥提供理论依据。结果表明:与农民习惯施肥(T6)比,推荐施肥量分2层施用的T4效果最佳,其成熟期干物质积累量增加30.4%,氮、磷、钾养分吸收量分别提高30.6%、28.5%、26.4%,增产34.3%;推荐施肥量分3层施用的T5效果次之,其成熟期干物质积累量增加13.1%,25~35 cm根系脱氢酶活性显著提升40.3%,氮、钾养分吸收量分别提高5.7%、7.7%,增产16.0%。推荐施肥量分层施用配施有机肥能满足玉米后期养分需求,促进根系下扎,有效促进各土层根系脱氢酶活性,提高干物质与氮、磷、钾养分积累量,增产效果显著;综合以推荐施肥量分2层施用(推荐施肥量一半氮肥施在5~15 cm,另一半氮肥和全部磷钾肥、生物有机肥施在15~25 cm)的处理较为合适。
Pot experiment was adopted,and the responses of summer maize root dehydrogenase activity,the nutrient uptake of N,P and K,dry matter accumulation and yield to different fertilization methods were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for rational fertilization of summer maize.Results showed that compared with the traditional fertilization(T6),T4(the recommended fertilization amount is divided into 2 layers)was the best.The dry matter accumulation of T4 increased by 30.4%,and the nutrient uptake of N,P and K increased by 30.6%,28.5%and 26.4%,respectively,and the yield increased by 34.3%.T5(the recommended fertilization amount is divided into 3 layers)was the second.The dry matter accumulation of T5 increased by 13.1%,the dehydrogenase activity of 25~35 cm increased by 40.3%,and the nutrient uptake of N and K increased by 5.7%and 7.7%,respectively,and the yield increased by 16.0%.The recommended fertilization combined with organic fertilizer can meet the nutrient requirements of maize in the late stage,promote the root system development,effectively promote the dehydrogenase activity of roots in various soil layers,increase the accumulation of dry matter and N,P and K nutrients,and increase the yield significantly.Overall,T4(half of the recommended amount of N fertilizer applied to 5~15 cm,the other half of the N fertilizer+the total P and K fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer applied to 15~25 cm)processing is more appropriate.
作者
马阳
吴敏
刘晓明
李赟虹
张世卿
王亚玲
孙坤雁
彭正萍
MA Yang;WU Min;LIU Xiao-ming;LI Yun-hong;ZHANG Shi-qing;WANG Ya-ling;SUN Kun-yan;PENG Zhengping(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding Hebei 071000)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期95-100,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“黑龙港中南部平原小麦-玉米两熟丰产光温高效轻简技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300504)。
关键词
夏玉米
施肥方式
产量
根系活性
养分吸收
summer maize
fertilization methods
yield
root activity
nutrient absorption
