摘要
自宋代开府以来,海口府城信俗文化,是以南海丝路前线港口、工商业市坊作为主要的具体环境,滋养历朝大陆播迁此地的各地地方文化在本土的继续生成演变。由此成就的府城文化遗产,甚至保留了许多大陆地区散失的文化元素。而此地历史以来是海南本岛连接大陆的政治经济与文化中心,其不论祠庙神祀、神诞与节日,还是日常生活习俗等,更离不开宋代琼州道教的民间演变影响,又接受着历朝儒家意识规范的国朝祀典主导方向。当儒学以信俗作为神道设教体教化世道人心,而道教运用科仪与行符满足神人感通的信心,这两者共同服膺的中华传统思维,尤其是“气”与“天人合一”的观念,又确保着儒道思维与各地播迁府城的汉族传统风俗的互鉴相融,由此便实现了府城文化的礼俗相和、朝野互动,以及信仰思维的多元同构。这一过程,推动着府城官民维系传统伦理道德与社会秩序和谐平衡的共同认知,也逐渐落实了府城认同拥有坊村基层社会具体的“本境”认知作为基础;而年年不断循环的各种“本境”信俗活动,包括各“境”互动乃至全城元宵“换香”,又反过来不断维系并持续建构“府城人”的地方认同。
Since the establishemnet of the adminstrative institution in the Song Dynasty,the culture of faith and custom in Fucheng of Haikou City has been taking the frontier ports as well as the industrial and commercial markets of the Silk Road in the South China Sea as the main specific environment,thus having nourished the continuous generation and evolution of various local cultures transferred to Hainan Island from other places of the country in the past.And the cultural heritage of Fucheng thus constituted has even retained many cultural elements lost in China’s mainland.Historically speaking,Fucheng has been the political,economic and cultural center connecting Hainan Island with the mainland.Be it the ancestral temple,God’s birthday and festival,daily life and customs,it is inseparable from the folk evolution of Qiongzhou Taoism in the Song Dynasty,while it has also accepted the leading direction of the national worship ceremony regulated by Confucian consciousness in the past dynasties.When Confucianism uses belief in the common customs as the way to educate the people,and Taoism uses scientific ceremony and behavior symbols to satisfy the confidence of God and man’s feeling,they both share the traditional Chinese thinking,especially the concept of“Qi”and“the unity of heaven and man”,and ensure the mutual learning and integration of Confucianism and Taoism with the traditional customs of Han people who have moved to Fucheng,thus realizing the harmony of rites and customs of Fucheng culture,the interaction between the government and the public,and the pluralistic isomorphism of belief thinking.This process has promoted the common cognition of the officials and the people of Fucheng to maintain the harmonious balance between traditional ethics and social order,and has gradually implemented the specific“local environment”cognition of the grass-roots society of Fucheng identity.The various“local”faith and customs activities,including the interaction of various“environments”and even the“exc
作者
宋丹
WANG Shen-fa(Malaysia);SONG Dan(Minnan Culture Research Institute,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China;Graduate School,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第5期52-66,共15页
Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“多卷本全球客家通史”(项目编号17ZDA194)
中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所创新工程项目之一“人类学视野下的‘传统-现代’转型”(项目编号:2019MZSCX002)。
关键词
儒家
道教
国朝祀典
礼俗相合
多元同构
朝野互动
文化遗产
天人合一
Confucianism
Taoism
the sacrificial ceremony of the state
the harmony of etiquette with customs
multiple isomorphism
the interaction between the government and the public
cultural heritage
unity of man and nature
